Answer
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Hint: We know that protonation is the process of transfer of transfer of proton $\left( {{{\rm{H}}^{\rm{ + }}}} \right)$ from one atom to another. Here, we have to check the order in which three nitrogen atoms are protonated.
Complete step by step answer:
Here, $\gamma $ nitrogen is nearby to the COOH. And we know that protonation takes place first in the nearby atom from which hydrogen atoms get protonated. So, protonation occurs first in $\gamma $ nitrogen.
In $\beta $ nitrogen, the protonation results in counter resonance as from both sides double bonds try to break due to which resonance is nullified.
In $\alpha $ nitrogen, the lone pair of N is in resonance.
We know that the resonance makes a compound stable.Therefore, protonation occurs before $\alpha $ nitrogen than $\beta $ nitrogen.
So, the order of protonation is $\gamma > \alpha > \beta $.
So, the correct answer is Option C.
Additional Information:
Protonation is a known fundamental chemical reaction. It is a step of many catalytic and stoichiometric processes. If a molecule or ion can undergo more than one protonation it is termed as polybasic acid. Deprotonation is the reverse of protonation reaction. In deprotonation reaction, a proton is removed from a compound. This reaction occurs in most acid-base reactions. Substances that can protonate another substance are termed as Bronsted Lowry acid.
Note: Always remember that resonance stabilizes a compound. Resonance is the phenomenon as a result of which a molecule can be expressed in different forms, none of which can explain all the properties of the molecule. The actual structure of the molecule is termed a resonance hybrid.
Complete step by step answer:
Here, $\gamma $ nitrogen is nearby to the COOH. And we know that protonation takes place first in the nearby atom from which hydrogen atoms get protonated. So, protonation occurs first in $\gamma $ nitrogen.
In $\beta $ nitrogen, the protonation results in counter resonance as from both sides double bonds try to break due to which resonance is nullified.
In $\alpha $ nitrogen, the lone pair of N is in resonance.
We know that the resonance makes a compound stable.Therefore, protonation occurs before $\alpha $ nitrogen than $\beta $ nitrogen.
So, the order of protonation is $\gamma > \alpha > \beta $.
So, the correct answer is Option C.
Additional Information:
Protonation is a known fundamental chemical reaction. It is a step of many catalytic and stoichiometric processes. If a molecule or ion can undergo more than one protonation it is termed as polybasic acid. Deprotonation is the reverse of protonation reaction. In deprotonation reaction, a proton is removed from a compound. This reaction occurs in most acid-base reactions. Substances that can protonate another substance are termed as Bronsted Lowry acid.
Note: Always remember that resonance stabilizes a compound. Resonance is the phenomenon as a result of which a molecule can be expressed in different forms, none of which can explain all the properties of the molecule. The actual structure of the molecule is termed a resonance hybrid.
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