Answer
Verified
405.9k+ views
Hint:. The Downs process is an electrochemical process. This process is carried out in a Down cell. The Downs cell was invented in 1922 by the American chemist James Cloyd Down.
Complete step by step answer:
We know that electrolysis is a process by which an electric current is passed through a substance to effect a chemical change. The chemical change is one by which a substance loses or gains electrons (oxidation or reduction).
Down's process is used for extracting sodium by the electrolysis of molten sodium chloride. Chlorine is collected at the anode. Fused \[NaCl\] contains sodium and chloride ions. \[N{{a}^{+}}\] ions migrate to the cathode where they are reduced to Na. \[C{{l}^{-}}\] ions migrate to the anode and oxidized to form chlorine gas. When an electric current is passed through the molten mixture of NaCl, NaCl decomposes in to \[N{{a}^{+}}\]and \[C{{l}^{-}}\] ion. \[N{{a}^{+}}\] ions migrate towards cathode while \[C{{l}^{-}}\] ions towards the anode.
At cathode:
\[2N{{a}^{+}}+2{{e}^{-}}\to 2Na(reduction)\]
At anode:
\[2C{{l}^{-}}\to C{{l}_{2}}+2{{e}^{-}}(oxidation)\]
Overall reaction:
\[\begin{align}
& 2N{{a}^{+}}+2{{e}^{-}}\to 2Na \\
& 2C{{l}^{-}}\to C{{l}_{2}}+2{{e}^{-}} \\
& \overline{2N{{a}^{+}}+2C{{l}^{-}}\to 2Na+C{{l}_{2}}} \\
\end{align}\]
So, the correct answer is “Option B”.
Note: This process is carried out in an electrolytic cell. KCl and KF are used to decrease the melting point of the mixture. The molten sodium collects in the cathode compartment and Chlorine is collected at the anode compartment.
Complete step by step answer:
We know that electrolysis is a process by which an electric current is passed through a substance to effect a chemical change. The chemical change is one by which a substance loses or gains electrons (oxidation or reduction).
Down's process is used for extracting sodium by the electrolysis of molten sodium chloride. Chlorine is collected at the anode. Fused \[NaCl\] contains sodium and chloride ions. \[N{{a}^{+}}\] ions migrate to the cathode where they are reduced to Na. \[C{{l}^{-}}\] ions migrate to the anode and oxidized to form chlorine gas. When an electric current is passed through the molten mixture of NaCl, NaCl decomposes in to \[N{{a}^{+}}\]and \[C{{l}^{-}}\] ion. \[N{{a}^{+}}\] ions migrate towards cathode while \[C{{l}^{-}}\] ions towards the anode.
At cathode:
\[2N{{a}^{+}}+2{{e}^{-}}\to 2Na(reduction)\]
At anode:
\[2C{{l}^{-}}\to C{{l}_{2}}+2{{e}^{-}}(oxidation)\]
Overall reaction:
\[\begin{align}
& 2N{{a}^{+}}+2{{e}^{-}}\to 2Na \\
& 2C{{l}^{-}}\to C{{l}_{2}}+2{{e}^{-}} \\
& \overline{2N{{a}^{+}}+2C{{l}^{-}}\to 2Na+C{{l}_{2}}} \\
\end{align}\]
So, the correct answer is “Option B”.
Note: This process is carried out in an electrolytic cell. KCl and KF are used to decrease the melting point of the mixture. The molten sodium collects in the cathode compartment and Chlorine is collected at the anode compartment.
Recently Updated Pages
what is the correct chronological order of the following class 10 social science CBSE
Which of the following was not the actual cause for class 10 social science CBSE
Which of the following statements is not correct A class 10 social science CBSE
Which of the following leaders was not present in the class 10 social science CBSE
Garampani Sanctuary is located at A Diphu Assam B Gangtok class 10 social science CBSE
Which one of the following places is not covered by class 10 social science CBSE
Trending doubts
Which are the Top 10 Largest Countries of the World?
How do you graph the function fx 4x class 9 maths CBSE
The Equation xxx + 2 is Satisfied when x is Equal to Class 10 Maths
Fill the blanks with the suitable prepositions 1 The class 9 english CBSE
Difference Between Plant Cell and Animal Cell
Why is there a time difference of about 5 hours between class 10 social science CBSE
Difference between Prokaryotic cell and Eukaryotic class 11 biology CBSE
Give 10 examples for herbs , shrubs , climbers , creepers
Draw a labelled sketch of the human eye class 12 physics CBSE