Question

Macula lutea is the part of:
A. Optic nerve
B. Sclerotic
C. Choroid
D. Retina

Answer 1

Hint: As you know our body maintains homeostasis in order to work properly. For this purpose different organs present in our body should work in a coordinated manner to give the desired output. Thus, coordination is the process by which different organs interact with each other and aids in the functioning of one another.

Complete answer:
The neural system of our body is a network of nerve to nerve connections that cause quick response in our body. This system is made of numerous specialized cells called neurons that receive, transmit and can detect the signals generated by the body. One of the systems of the neural system includes sensory organs. The sensory organs detect the changes in the environment and send appropriate signals to the brain to process and analyze. Eyes are one such sensory organ which senses the environment by the help of vision. These are spherical in shape and can see and observe the changes occurring in surroundings. The parts of eyes are:
> Sclera: It is the dense connective tissue which forms the external layer of the eyeball. Its anterior part is called a cornea which is transparent and slightly dome shaped. The middle layer is called a choroid which contains the network of blood vessels running into the eye.
> Iris: it is the visible colored part of the eye which is the continuation of the ciliary body (a part of choroid).
> Lens: These are the transparent crystalline substances present in the eye which are adjusted and held in their place with the help of the ciliary body.
> Pupil: The aperture of the eye surrounded by the iris is called a pupil. Its diameter is regulated by iris fibers.

> Retina: It is the innermost layer of eyes which has the photoreceptor cells called rods and cones. Rods are responsible for night vision and cones are responsible for colored and day light vision. There is a region in the retina called as blind spot where no photoreceptor cells are present. At the position lateral to the blind spot, a yellow colored pigmented spot is present at the posterior part popularly known as Macula lutea.
> Aqueous chamber: It is the space between the cornea and lens containing thin watery fluid called aqueous humor.
> Vitreous chamber: It is the space between the lens and the retina, filled with a transparent gel called vitreous humor.

Therefore, the correct answer for this question is option D- retina.

Note: The light rays falling in the visible region are focused on retina with the help of lens and the stimulus is generated in rods and cone cells. The photosensitive pigments in humans are composed of opsin and retinal which gets dissociated into opsin and causes changes which further generates a potential difference. This potential difference generates the stimulus which reaches the brain via optic nerves.