Question

Maximum cranial capacity is found in
A. Homo habilis
B. Homo erectus
C. Homo neanderthalensis
D. Homo sapiens fossilis

Answer 1

Hint: The cranial cavity is also known as intracranial space is the space formed inside the skull.
The brain contains the cranial cavity which is lined by the meninges and contains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to cushion blows.
The main function of the brain is Provide information to the other parts of the body.

Complete answer:
Brain: It is the largest and central source of information of the central nervous system and it acts as a command and control system.
Brain has variety of functions:
1. Controls the voluntary movements.
2. Control the functioning of involuntary organs.
3. Thermoregulation.
4. Hunger and thirst.
5. Controls the rhythm of the body
6. Controls the several endocrine glands
7. Regulate human behaviour.
The human brain is well protected and covered by the skull.
Skull composed of cranial cavity and within the cranial cavity we find many cranial meninges.
Intracranial space is another name of cranial cavity.
Skull is formed by eight cranial bones called the neurocranium.
The neurocranium is the upper posterior part that forms the protective covering around the brain.
The skull without the involvement of the mandible is also known as the cranium and contains the brain.
Meninges are protective membranes that surround the brain to reduce damage of the brain whenever there is head trauma.
Homo habilis had a small brain with cranial capacity of only 680 cc and lived about 2 million years ago.
Homo erectus had a long low skull with a cranial capacity range between 850 and 1100 cc.
The average cranial capacity of Homo neanderthalensis was about 1300 cc to 1600 cc which is almost the same as modern man.
Homo sapiens fossilis had a mean cranial capacity of about 1650 cc.
He is the extinct representative of present-day modern man.

So, the correct option is option D. Homo sapiens fossilis.

Note: There are 12 cranial nerves that are responsible for controlling the cranial cavity.
These nerves are responsible for providing necessary sensory information such as
1. Smell
2. Taste
3. Hearing
4. Sight
5. Ability to sleep and chew
Pituitary gland is found in the cranial cavity which secretes different type of fluids that are necessary for different parts of the body to function.