Answer
359.7k+ views
Hint: there are various techniques used for the separation of organic compounds. Distillation is a technique used to separate a mixture of organic compounds. Fractional distillation is a more efficient technique to separate various organic mixtures. It uses a fractional column that differs from simple distillation.
Complete answer:
There are methods applied to separate the mixtures of various organic solutions that are volatile or non – volatile. A method that is used to separate mixtures of volatile solutions having less difference in boiling points is fractional distillation. This consists of a fractionating column. The vapors of the liquid with less boiling point are vaporized first and then by successive vaporization and condensation the mixtures get separated.
Fractional distillation is different from simple distillation as simple distillation is suitable for separating volatile liquids from non – volatile solvents as they have sufficient difference in their boiling points, also the apparatus does not use a fractionating column.
Fractional distillation is more efficient from simple distillation as it possess a fractionating column on the mouth of the flask. This column has beads and is capable for successive condensation and vaporization called as theoretical plates in the fractionating column. This provides a more surface area for cooling and efficiency in separating solutions according to their boiling point differences. The diagram of a fractional distillation apparatus is:
An example of fractional distillation used in the industry is the distillation of crude oil in the petroleum industry.
Note:
There are some other distillation techniques apart from simple and fractional distillation like distillation under reduced pressure that is used to purify liquids having very high boiling points or for liquids that decompose below their boiling point, and steam distillation used to purify liquids that are steam volatile.
Complete answer:
There are methods applied to separate the mixtures of various organic solutions that are volatile or non – volatile. A method that is used to separate mixtures of volatile solutions having less difference in boiling points is fractional distillation. This consists of a fractionating column. The vapors of the liquid with less boiling point are vaporized first and then by successive vaporization and condensation the mixtures get separated.
Fractional distillation is different from simple distillation as simple distillation is suitable for separating volatile liquids from non – volatile solvents as they have sufficient difference in their boiling points, also the apparatus does not use a fractionating column.
Fractional distillation is more efficient from simple distillation as it possess a fractionating column on the mouth of the flask. This column has beads and is capable for successive condensation and vaporization called as theoretical plates in the fractionating column. This provides a more surface area for cooling and efficiency in separating solutions according to their boiling point differences. The diagram of a fractional distillation apparatus is:
![seo images](https://www.vedantu.com/question-sets/1a8710e5-6259-45f2-87b7-c49c8892ec2e1024753165377660184.png)
An example of fractional distillation used in the industry is the distillation of crude oil in the petroleum industry.
Note:
There are some other distillation techniques apart from simple and fractional distillation like distillation under reduced pressure that is used to purify liquids having very high boiling points or for liquids that decompose below their boiling point, and steam distillation used to purify liquids that are steam volatile.
Recently Updated Pages
Mark and label the given geoinformation on the outline class 11 social science CBSE
![arrow-right](/cdn/images/seo-templates/arrow-right.png)
When people say No pun intended what does that mea class 8 english CBSE
![arrow-right](/cdn/images/seo-templates/arrow-right.png)
Name the states which share their boundary with Indias class 9 social science CBSE
![arrow-right](/cdn/images/seo-templates/arrow-right.png)
Give an account of the Northern Plains of India class 9 social science CBSE
![arrow-right](/cdn/images/seo-templates/arrow-right.png)
Change the following sentences into negative and interrogative class 10 english CBSE
![arrow-right](/cdn/images/seo-templates/arrow-right.png)
Advantages and disadvantages of science
![arrow-right](/cdn/images/seo-templates/arrow-right.png)
Trending doubts
Difference between Prokaryotic cell and Eukaryotic class 11 biology CBSE
![arrow-right](/cdn/images/seo-templates/arrow-right.png)
Which are the Top 10 Largest Countries of the World?
![arrow-right](/cdn/images/seo-templates/arrow-right.png)
Fill the blanks with the suitable prepositions 1 The class 9 english CBSE
![arrow-right](/cdn/images/seo-templates/arrow-right.png)
Differentiate between homogeneous and heterogeneous class 12 chemistry CBSE
![arrow-right](/cdn/images/seo-templates/arrow-right.png)
Difference Between Plant Cell and Animal Cell
![arrow-right](/cdn/images/seo-templates/arrow-right.png)
10 examples of evaporation in daily life with explanations
![arrow-right](/cdn/images/seo-templates/arrow-right.png)
Give 10 examples for herbs , shrubs , climbers , creepers
![arrow-right](/cdn/images/seo-templates/arrow-right.png)
Write a letter to the principal requesting him to grant class 10 english CBSE
![arrow-right](/cdn/images/seo-templates/arrow-right.png)
How do you graph the function fx 4x class 9 maths CBSE
![arrow-right](/cdn/images/seo-templates/arrow-right.png)