Question

Mention two main characteristics of Monsoon climate.

Answer 1

Hint:Traditionally, a monsoon is a seasonal reversing wind followed by subsequent precipitation changes, but now it is used to describe seasonal changes in air circulation and precipitation associated with land and sea asymmetric heating.

Complete answer:
The Indian monsoon, which mostly affects India and its adjacent water bodies, is the most influential of the world's monsoon systems. During colder months, it winds from the northeast and reverses course to blast from the southwest during the year's hottest months. During June and July, this process brings significant quantities of rainfall to the area.

Two main characteristics of Monsoon climate:
1.The direction of monsoonal rains, which occur ahead and to the left of the strongest winds and even behind them and to the west, influences the path of the easterly jet. The surface flow, however, is a hot, humid, and unpredictable wind in the southwest that brings more than 80 percent humidity and intense squally showers that are the "burst" of the monsoon. A frontal alignment matches the general trend of the advance, but local episodes may vary considerably. The amount of rain from year to year and place to place is unpredictable.

2.The Western Ghats in India, where the early monsoon airstream piles up against the steep slopes, then recedes, then piles up again to a higher height, are the most impressive clouds and rain. It forces thicker clouds upward each time before wind and clouds roll over the barrier and cascade into the interior after a few brief spells of absorption by the dry inland air. In the monsoon season, the windward slopes produce 2,000 to 5,000 mm (80 to 200 inches) of rain.

Note:As crops and water sources are entirely dependent on monsoonal rainfall, it has become imperative that long-range quantitative weather forecasts are available. Embedded in other areas of the world's weather trends are clues to South Asia's summer conditions. In the months leading up to the start of the monsoon, these hints frequently emerge. South American pressure and Indian upper-wind data for the month of April are being analysed for a prediction to be published at the start of June.