Question

Name any three political associations which were formed prior to the Indian National Congress. What led to the formation of it?

Answer 1

Hint:
Wealthy and aristocratic elements, local or regional in nature, dominated political alliances in the early half of the nineteenth century.
The educated middle class, lawyers, writers, physicians, teachers, etc., became increasingly dominated by the political associations of the second half of the nineteenth century, and they had a broader perspective and a bigger agenda.

Complete answer:
On 28 December 1885, with the active support of Retired British Officer A.O. Hume, the Indian National Congress was established.
Prior to INC ,the three political association were :
The East India Association, formed in 1867 by Dadabhai Naoriji : In 1866, Dadabhai Naoroji founded the East India Association in London to address the Indian issue and influence the public in England to support Indian welfare. Later, in prominent Indian cities, branches of the association were started.
the Indian Reform Association under Keshub Chunder Sen : It represented the secular side of the Brahmo Samaj and included those who were not part of the Brahmo Samaj.
The Indian National Association was founded by Surendranath Banerjee and Anand Mohan Bose in 1876. The purpose of this association was to promote people's political, intellectual and material development by all legitimate means.

All of these political alliances were established primarily to demand a higher share of the Indian Civil Services, a higher share of India's British Governance, all under the prospect of adhering to the British Crown's sovereignty. With the primary slogan of demanding an independent government under the British crown, the INC was born and initially had a firm confidence in the British.

Note:
The British Indian Association formed after both the Landholders' Society and the Bengal British India Society merged together in 1851.

The most important of the pre-Congress organisations was the Indian Association of Calcutta, aimed at:

(i)Create a strong public opinion on political issues
(ii)Unify the Indians on a shared policy agenda.