Question

How many sigma bonds are in benzene?

Answer 1

Hint: The benzene is an aromatic compound with molecular formula $C_6{H}_6$. In the benzene ring 6 carbon atoms are present and each carbon atom is bonded with another carbon atom and hydrogen atom.

Complete step by step answer:
Covalent bonds are defined as the chemical bonds which are formed by the mutual sharing of electrons by the atoms. The covalent bonding is of mainly two types:
1. Covalent $\sigma$bond: The sigma bond is formed by the end to end overlap of two orbitals which can be two s-orbital, two p-orbital or one s or one p orbital.
2. Covalent $\pi$-bond: The pi bond is formed by the side to side overlap of the two parallel p orbitals.
The benzene is an aromatic chemical compound with molecular formula $C_6{H}_6$. In benzene, alternate double bonds are present with conjugated $\pi$-system.
The structure of benzene is shown below.

In a benzene ring, each carbon atom is bonded with one carbon atom and one hydrogen atom by a sigma bond. So the total sigma bond bonded with one carbon is 2. In the benzene ring a total 6 carbon atoms is present, so the total number of sigma bonds shared by 6 carbon atoms will be $\Rightarrow 6\times 2=12$ sigma bond.
Therefore, the total number of sigma bonds present in the benzene ring is 12.

Note:
As in benzene ring alternate double bonds are present, the double bond consists of one sigma bond one pi bond and a single bond contains one sigma bond.