Question

_______ soil is formed by the weathering of basalt rocks.
A. Alluvial
B. Red
C. Black
D. Laterite

Answer 1

Hint: Basalt rocks are basically the rocks which are formed due to the rapid cooling of lava which has high content of minerals like Magnesium and Iron. It contains less silica content. It is a type of rock which is Igneous. It is not only found on earth but also present on various other planetary bodies like Mars, Venus, Jupiter, etc.

Complete Answer:
Basalt rocks are very hard rocks mainly used in the construction work. They appear dark grey or black in colour. Their shades of colour might differ from light to dark. Basalt rocks weather due to factors like water, air and oxidation of the Iron present in it. These rocks appear black or grey in colour due to the presence of minerals like augite pyroxene. There after the weathering of these rocks it basically forms Black soil only. Alluvial soils are formed due to the weathering of various rocks or gravel or sometimes due to clay particles. These soils are loosened particles. These soils are not described as the sediments of a river or the sediments found at the sea bed or river bed. Red soil is made by the weathering of Crystalline rocks. It is found in the regions of hot and humid temperatures. It is very fertile soil which is mainly found in tropical and deciduous forests. Laterite soil is mainly found in the regions of wet tropical or hot and humid climate regions. It is a Rocky soil as it contains both soil and rock. It is rich in minerals namely iron and aluminum.
So, the correct answer is Option C.

Note: In all over the world, there are various types of soils formed due to weathering of different- different rocks. Weathering is only the disintegration of the rock. It is useful in removing carbon dioxide from the air and providing soil which is essential for various things like growth of the plant, agriculture, etc.