Question

Some medicines are given in the form of capsules. The capsules are made of
(a)Paper
(b)Gelatinous material
(c)Embryonic tissue
(d)Starch

Answer 1

Hint: Some medicines that we take orally are made by a process known as encapsulation and they are packed in the form of capsules. The capsules can be hard and soft depending on the type of content inside.

Complete answer:
The medicines we get in the form of capsules have a Gelatinous material that makes the capsules. These are generally derived from hydrolyzing of collagen from animal Origin or cellulose-based.
The technique by which the medicines are enclosed in the relatively stable capsules is called encapsulation which allows them to be taken orally or to be used as suppositories. The capsules are of two types namely- hard-shelled capsules and soft-shelled capsules. Hard capsules are made by processes of extrusion or spheronization and contain dry ingredients in powder form. They have two halves- one with a smaller diameter body that is sealed with the other larger diameter cap. The soft capsules are for oils and active ingredients that are dissolved in oil.
These capsules are made from aqueous solutions of gelling agents which are derived from animal protein like gelatin or plant-based cellulose, starch, or carrageenans. For example, gelcaps are composed of gelatin i.e. manufactured from the collagen of animal skin or bone whereas vegetable capsules are derived from hydroxypropyl methylcellulose. Often other ingredients like coloring agents, lubricants, disintegrants, etc are also added. Currently, gelatin capsules are more popular than vegetable capsules in the market due to low-cost production.
So, the correct answer is “Gelatinous material”.

Note: The encapsulation process is done on manual, semi-automatic, and automatic machines that fill the capsules. The soft gels are sealed on the rotary die of an automatic machine, therefore are filled at the same time of production. Near-infrared spectroscopy and vibrational spectroscopy methods are used to monitor the filling weight of the capsules to ensure product quality.