Question

State the Archimedes principle.

Answer 1

Hint We can understand the Archimedes principle with the help of the term ‘buoyant force’ which means upward force applied on a body by a fluid. Also, Archimedes principle deals the forces work on a body by the fluids around it.

Complete step by step solution
Archimedes principle is the physical law of buoyancy which was discovered by an old Greek mathematician named Archimedes. Archimedes' principle states that any body partially or fully submerged into a fluid will experience an upward force called buoyant force and the magnitude of this force will be equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the body. Volume of fluid which is displayed is equivalent to the volume of the body which is fully submerged into the fluid or volume of the part of the body submerged in fluid. Weight of the fluid which is displaced is equivalent to the magnitude of the buoyant force.

Example A ship is made up of steel. But steel doesn’t float in water but ships made of steel float. How? Reason; We observe that a ship's lower part always sinks in the water because the ship sinks in water until the weight of water displaced by it is equal to its own weight. If the ship is loaded, it sinks more, it displaces more water and the magnitude of buoyant force regularly matches the weight of the body.
$$\text{Apparent loss of weight = Weight of water displaced = }\rho \times V\times g$$, where
$$\rho$$ is the density of fluid, $$V$$ is the volume of fluid and $$g$$ is the force of gravity.
Thrust = $$\rho \times V\times g$$

Note The thrust force is called the buoyancy force therefore the above equation is called the law of buoyancy and buoyant force will act against the weight of the body that is opposite to the direction of weight of the body.