Question

The following general structure is representative of sulphonamides. Which of the following statements is true for active sulphonamides?

(A) $ {R^1} $ can be H or an alkyl group
(B) $ {R^2} $ must be hydrogen
(C) The aromatic ring is essential
(D) The sulfonamide functional group can be replaced with an ester

Answer 1

Hint: In the given question firstly we have to define the facts regarding the sulfonamide and the facts about it along with the basic definition. Sulfonamide is a functional group which is a part of a molecule and the original antibacterial sulfonamides were also synthetic which is non antibiotic. Which gives us that the aromatic ring is essential.

Complete step by step solution:
The given question statement asks about which among the given options is true for active sulphonamides. Now we just have to get some facts regarding the sulfonamide
We can say that sulphonamide is a functional group which is a part of a molecule. Now that is the basis of several groups of drugs, which are called sulphonamides. These are also the sulfa drugs or sulfa drugs. And now the original antibacterial sulfonamides were also synthetic which is non antibiotic. It also has antimicrobial agents which in regard contain the sulfonamide group. Some sulphonamides are also considered to be devoid of antibacterial activity.eg. the anticonvulsant sultiame. The sulphonylureas and the thiazide diuretics are the new drug group based upon the antibacterial sulfonamides. Therefore the overall incidence of adverse drug reactions to sulfa antibiotics is close to penicillin; hence medications containing sulfonamides are prescribed carefully.
Therefore by the given facts we get that the correct option is The aromatic ring is essential.
So the correct option would be option A, The aromatic ring is essential.

Note:
Sulphonamide were the drugs which were one of the first broadly effective antibacterials to be used systemically, and paved the way for the antibiotic revolution in medicine. The first sulphonamide, trade-named Prontosil, was a prodrug. Experiments with Prontosil began in $ 1932 $ in the laboratories of Bayer AG, at that time a component of the huge German chemical trust IG Farben.