
The fractional distillation of coal tar yields:
A.) Carbon disulphide
B.) Carbon tetrachloride
C.) Kerosene oil
D.) Benzene
Answer
431.2k+ views
Hint: Fractional distillation is a process used for the separation of two liquid mixtures which have a small difference in their boiling points. Fractional distillation separates a mixture into a number of different parts, called fractions.
Complete step by step answer:
Fractional distillation is the separation of a mixture into its component parts, or fractions. Chemical compounds are separated by heating them to a temperature at which one or more constituents of the mixture will vaporize. Generally, the component parts have boiling points that differ by less than 25°C from each other under atmospheric pressure, i.e. 1 atmosphere. If the difference in boiling points is greater than 25 °C, a simple distillation process is used.
Coal tar is the by-product produced in the manufacturing of coke. Coal tar comes from bituminous coal used in the distillation process. It is a volatile substance, important for its organic chemical constituents (coal-tar crudes), which are extracted by further distillation. These include xylene, toluene, naphthalene and phenanthrene, and are the basic ingredients for the synthesis of many products, such as explosives, drugs, dyes and perfumes.
Fractional distillation of coal tar mainly produces aromatic hydrocarbons like benzene, creosotes, naphthalene, anthracene, carbolic and cresylic acids, pyridine and pitch.
Hence, the correct answer is (D) Benzene.
Note: Remember that fractional distillation is different from simple distillation. Fractional distillation is used when the difference in boiling points of the constituents is less than 25°C, otherwise simple distillation is used.
Complete step by step answer:
Fractional distillation is the separation of a mixture into its component parts, or fractions. Chemical compounds are separated by heating them to a temperature at which one or more constituents of the mixture will vaporize. Generally, the component parts have boiling points that differ by less than 25°C from each other under atmospheric pressure, i.e. 1 atmosphere. If the difference in boiling points is greater than 25 °C, a simple distillation process is used.
Coal tar is the by-product produced in the manufacturing of coke. Coal tar comes from bituminous coal used in the distillation process. It is a volatile substance, important for its organic chemical constituents (coal-tar crudes), which are extracted by further distillation. These include xylene, toluene, naphthalene and phenanthrene, and are the basic ingredients for the synthesis of many products, such as explosives, drugs, dyes and perfumes.
Fractional distillation of coal tar mainly produces aromatic hydrocarbons like benzene, creosotes, naphthalene, anthracene, carbolic and cresylic acids, pyridine and pitch.
Hence, the correct answer is (D) Benzene.
Note: Remember that fractional distillation is different from simple distillation. Fractional distillation is used when the difference in boiling points of the constituents is less than 25°C, otherwise simple distillation is used.
Recently Updated Pages
Master Class 9 General Knowledge: Engaging Questions & Answers for Success

Master Class 9 English: Engaging Questions & Answers for Success

Master Class 9 Science: Engaging Questions & Answers for Success

Master Class 9 Social Science: Engaging Questions & Answers for Success

Master Class 9 Maths: Engaging Questions & Answers for Success

Class 9 Question and Answer - Your Ultimate Solutions Guide

Trending doubts
Fill the blanks with the suitable prepositions 1 The class 9 english CBSE

The first successful textile mill was established in class 9 social science CBSE

Given that HCF 306 657 9 find the LCM 306 657 class 9 maths CBSE

The highest mountain peak in India is A Kanchenjunga class 9 social science CBSE

A piece of wire 20 cm long is bent into the form of class 9 maths CBSE

Difference Between Plant Cell and Animal Cell
