Question

The modern classification of organisms is based on which of the following aspects?
A. Physiology
B. Fossils
C. Phylogeny
D. Morphology

Answer 1

Hint: Classification of organisms makes the study of organisms easier. Evolutionary history of organisms plays a very important role in modern taxonomy. Hypothesis was made on the history of animals and then modern technology and science was used to provide modern classification of animals. Modern classification includes mainly seven levels of classification.

Complete answer:
Scientists examine millions of animals and classify them in different groups according to their behavior and structure. Biologists also want to understand interrelationship among different organisms. Classification should be absolute and up to date, because every day new species are coming to our knowledge and adding fresh complications to the existing scheme. Animals are usually included in eleven major phyla. Anatomical behavior of each individual is different. Animal kingdom includes all the animals and further divided into two sub kingdoms, unicellular and multicellular animals.
Phylogeny is known as classification of animals on the basis of their history. Scientists made hypotheses and collected data to categorize the animals into different categories. Modern science and technology plays an important role to prove their hypothesis correct. The Linnaean system has progressed with the advancement of phylogenetics, cladistics and systematic. In modern classification there is an evolutionary relationship between living and extinct both species.
Fossils are used to study the structure of extinct or ancient animals. Archeologist preserves them and does various researches on them.
Physiology and morphology of animals is used to classify organisms on the basis of their structure and function.
From the above information, we know that the modern classification of organisms is based on phylogeny.

So, the correct answer is option C.

Note: Linnaeus mainly classifies the organisms into two kingdoms. After the invention of microscopes, discovery of new animals came into existence. The new system of classification includes grouping and naming of animals. In the modern classification there are eight levels of classification that is domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus and species. More species are added in the group as per their identification.