Question

The process of conversion of sugar into alcohol is called
(A)Nitrogen fixation
(B)Molding
(C)Fermentation
(D)Infection

Answer 1

Hint: The conversion of sugar into alcohol a metabolic process that produces chemical changes in organic substrates through the action of enzymes. It is the process of extraction of energy from carbohydrates in the absence of oxygen. It is extensively used in the brewing and baking industry.

Complete answer:
Simple sugars such as glucose are converted into alcohol or more specifically ethanol by the process of alcoholic fermentation. The steps involved in anaerobic fermentation are as follows:
-$2{ CH }_{ 3 }COCOOH\quad \underrightarrow { decarboxylase,TPP } \quad 2{ CH }_{ 3 }CHO+2C{ O }_{ 2 }$
-$2{ CH }_{ 3 }CHO+{ 2H }^{ + }+2NADH\quad \underrightarrow { dehydrogenase } \quad 2{ C }_{ 2 }{ H }_{ 5 }OH+2NA{ D }^{ + }$
Alcoholic fermentation is seen in microbes like bacteria, fungi, and higher plants.
The end products are ethanol and carbon dioxide in alcoholic fermentation.

Additional Information: Many other types of fermentation are also seen:
-Lactic Acid Fermentation: In this type of fermentation, Pyruvic acid is converted into lactic acid by bacteria like Lactobacillus lactis.
-Acetic Acid Fermentation: In this type of fermentation, Acetobacter aceti forms acetic acid from alcohol.
-Butyric Acid Fermentation: In this type of fermentation, Clostridium butyricum forms butyric acid from glucose or lactic acid.
 Some examples of substances to learn which are produced from different types of fermentation are:
-Microbes for example yeast or Saccharomyces cerevisiae is used in the production of beverages like wine, beer, and rum by fermenting fruits, vegetables.
-Toddy is a traditional beverage of southern India made by fermentation of sap from palms.
-Kombucha is a type of beverage made by fermentation of tea.
-Sake is a drink of Japan made by fermenting rice.
-Cocoa is also produced by fermenting cacao beans.
-Cucumber is fermented to form pickles.
So, the correct answer is, ‘Fermentation’.

Note: It should be remembered that no matter what type of fermentation, it will only happen in anaerobic conditions. Not only microbes, but other cells are also capable of performing fermentation. When a person does over exercise, the muscle tissue of our body undergoes lactic acid fermentation to obtain energy quickly.