Answer
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Hint: Solve the question by directly using the lens maker’s formula for the plano-convex lens, and then by keeping the values of the known parameters which are refractive index, the radius of curvature and then find the unknown values.
Complete step-by-step solution:
Note: Plano-convex lenses have one spherical surface and one flat surface. The radius of the curvature of the plane surface is infinite. So, as mentioned in the solution by using a lens maker formula, find the focal length and then find the focal length of the combination.
Formula used: $\dfrac{1}{f} = (\mu - 1)\left( {\dfrac{1}{{{R_1}}} - \dfrac{1}{{{R_2}}}} \right)$ , $\dfrac{1}{{{f_{eq}}}} = 2 \times \dfrac{1}{f_{\text{lens}}}+ \dfrac{1}{f_{\text{concave}}}$
We have given that-
Refractive index of plano-convex glass lenses is ${\mu _g} = 1.5$
Radius of the two lenses is R = 20 cm
Refractive index of oil is ${\mu _{oil}} = 1.7$
Now, we know from lens maker formula for plano-convex lens-
$\dfrac{1}{f} = (\mu - 1)\left( {\dfrac{1}{{{R_1}}} - \dfrac{1}{{{R_2}}}} \right)$
Here, f is the focal length of the lens, $\mu $ is the refractive index.
Here R1 = R and for a plane surface ${R_2} = \infty $ and ${\mu _g} = 1.5$
$\dfrac{1}{{{f_{lens}}}} = (1.5 - 1)\left( {\dfrac{1}{R} - 0} \right) = \dfrac{{0.5}}{R}$
When the intervening medium is filled with oil then, it will act as a concave lens of refractive index 1.7 .
$\dfrac{1}{{{f_{concave}}}} = (1.7 - 1)\left( { - \dfrac{1}{R} - \dfrac{1}{R}} \right) = - 0.7 \times \dfrac{2}{R} = \dfrac{{ - 1.4}}{R}$
Now, here we have two plano-convex lens and one concave lens,
So, $\dfrac{1}{{{f_{eq}}}} = 2 \times \dfrac{1}{{{f_{lens}}}} + \dfrac{1}{{{f_{concave}}}}$
Putting the values, we get-
$ \dfrac{1}{{{f_{eq}}}} = 2 \times \dfrac{{0.5}}{R} + \dfrac{{ - 1.4}}{R} = \dfrac{1}{R} - \dfrac{{1.4}}{R} = \dfrac{{ - 0.4}}{R} $
$ \Rightarrow {f_{eq}} = \dfrac{{ - R}}{{0.4}} $
Now R = 20 cm given.
$ \Rightarrow {f_{eq}} = \dfrac{{ - 20}}{{0.4}} = - 50$
Therefore, the focal length of the combination is -50 cm.
Hence, the correct option is (A).
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