Question

Vernalization is the effect of low temperature on
A. Delaying of flowering
B. Inhibition of flowering
C. Acceleration of fruit ripening
D. Acceleration of flowering

Answer 1

Hint: Flowering is affected by several factors of temperature and climate. Out of these factors, one is Vernalization. Vernalization is the effect of low temperatures on the plant by exposing them to decreased temperatures to induce flowering.

Complete answer:Vernalization is the effect of the lesser temperatures on flowering plants. Vernalization is essential for flowering for some plants such as winter crops and biennial plants like radish, carrot, cabbage, etc.
The effect of vernalization was first observed by T.D. Lysenko. The effects of low temperatures are received by meristematic tissue in apical and axillary buds. The range of low temperature varies from zero degrees Celsius to a five-degree Celsius average. The effect of vernalization is for a few hours to a few weeks. Moist conditions and aeration, i.e. the presence of oxygen is needed for Vernalization. The hormone vernaline is produced in the cells of meristematic tissue at low temperatures. This hormone is transported to the flowering buds where it promotes and accelerates flowering.
Thus, based on the above information we can conclude that Vernalization is the effect of low temperature on the acceleration of flowering.

Hence, the correct answer is option (D).

Note: Vernalization can also be used to artificially induce the flowering. In case of normal or warm climate plants, flowering can be induced by satisfying the need of low and cold temperatures. This is done for the production of seeds of winter flowering plants to be sold commercially for economic purposes. Flowering is induced also to many temperate zone plants in a similar manner.