Question

What is a coordinated bond?

Answer 1

Hint: We must know that the coordinate bond is a type of bonding commonly observed in coordination compounds. In this type of bonding, an electron pair is donated completely from a single atom/molecule to metal atom.


Complete step by step solution:
Therefore, Co-ordinated bond is a type of an alternate covalent bond; in this bond the electron pair is completely shared from a single atom. It is therefore also called a dative bond.
Some characteristics of coordinate covalent bond are given below:-
In coordinate bonding, the atom that shares an electron pair is termed as the donor.
The atom which accepts these shared pairs of electrons is known as an acceptor.
This type of bonding is represented with an arrow$\to$, pointing from the donor atom the acceptor.
Coordinate bond diagram:
A simple representation of the diagram of a co-ordinate bond is shown below. For example, we can take the bonding between ammonia with boron trifluoride. Boron trifluoride is an electron deficient molecule which accepts a pair of electrons from nitrogen of ammonia. The bond is shown by an arrow which points in the direction of the boron atom.

Another example is hexaamminecobalt (III) chloride$$[Co(N{H}_3{)}_6]C{l}_3$$. In this compound, we can see there are six ammonia ligands coordinated with cobalt metal atoms by coordinate bond. Six ammonia molecules donate six pairs of electrons to the central metal atoms to form coordination compounds.

Note: We can call the compounds made from coordinate bonds as coordination compounds. It has importance in the biological system; the coordination compounds also play a vital role in metallurgy and medicine. For example, haemoglobin contains coordinated bonds. It is composed of a heme group, which has a porphyrin ring molecule coordinated to a metal iron using the four nitrogen atoms as electron-pair donors.