Question

What is hydrogenation?

Answer 1

Hint: Hydrogenation is a substance response between atomic hydrogen and another compound or component, typically within the sight of a catalyst, for example, nickel, palladium, or platinum.

Complete answer:
The addition of hydrogen to an unsaturated hydrocarbon to get a saturated hydrocarbon is called hydrogenation. This process takes place in the presence of nickel or palladium metals as a catalyst.
Hydrogenation is a reduction response that brings about the addition of hydrogen. On the off chance that an organic compound is hydrogenated, it turns out to be more "soaked" with hydrogen ions. The process commonly requires the utilization of a catalyst, since hydrogenation just happens spontaneously at high temperatures. The most widely recognized catalysts are nickel, platinum, or palladium. An example of hydrogenation is given below:
$$C{H}_2=C{H}_2+H_2\stackrel{Pd}{⟶}C{H}_{3}C{H}_3$$
Hydrogenation reduces the quantity of double and triple bonds in hydrocarbons, while dehydrogenation eliminates hydrogen ions and builds the quantity of double and triple bonds.

Additional Information:
Industrial Uses of Hydrogenation:
Food industry: The biggest scale utilization of hydrogenation is for the preparation of vegetable oils. Typical vegetable oils are gotten from polyunsaturated unsaturated fats. Hydrogenation decreases or eliminates these double bonds. The objective is to transform fluid oils into strong or semi-strong fats that can supplant margarine and shorten in spreads, confections, heated great, and different items.
Petrochemical Industry: In petrochemical measures, hydrogenation is utilized to change over alkenes and aromatics into immersed alkanes (paraffin) and cycloalkanes (naphthenes), which are less poisonous and less receptive. Relevant to fluid fills that are put away at times for extensive stretches in air, immersed hydrocarbons show superior capacity properties.

Note: The possibility of making a mistake is that you may confuse between hydrogenation and hydration. Hydrogenation is the non-spontaneous hydrogen separation that reacts to large activation energy whereas hydration is the addition of water.