
Which d-orbital has a different shape from the rest of all d- orbitals?
A.${{\text{d}}_{{{\text{x}}^{\text{2}}}{\text{ - }}{{\text{y}}^{\text{2}}}}}$
B.${{\text{d}}_{{{\text{z}}^{\text{2}}}}}$
C.${{\text{d}}_{{\text{xz}}}}$
D.${{\text{d}}_{{\text{xy}}}}$
E.${{\text{d}}_{{\text{yz}}}}$
Answer
483.6k+ views
Hint:The s shell has only 1 orbital. Therefore, it can hold only 2 electrons. It is spherical. P shell has 3 orbitals and holds a maximum of 6 electrons. Each P orbital has a pair of lobes on either side.
The d shell has 5 orbitals in which except 1 orbital, all others have 4 lobes.
Complete step by step answer:
Let us look at all the orbitals of d.
We know that there are 5 lobes in the d orbital. They are ${{\text{d}}_{{\text{xy}}}}$, ${{\text{d}}_{{\text{xz}}}}$, ${{\text{d}}_{{\text{yz}}}}$, ${{\text{d}}_{{{\text{x}}^{\text{2}}}{\text{ - }}{{\text{y}}^{\text{2}}}}}$, ${{\text{d}}_{{{\text{z}}^{\text{2}}}}}$
First, let us have a look at the orientation of the ${{\text{d}}_{{\text{xy}}}}$ orbital. It is in the x-y plane.
The ${{\text{d}}_{{\text{xz}}}}$ orbital is in the x-z plane, which means the lobe lies between the x and y-axis.
The ${{\text{d}}_{{\text{yz}}}}$ orbital lies in the y-z plane, which is between the z and y-axis.
The ${{\text{d}}_{{{\text{x}}^{\text{2}}}{\text{ - }}{{\text{y}}^{\text{2}}}}}$ orbital lies on the x and y-axis.
The ${{\text{d}}_{{{\text{z}}^{\text{2}}}}}$ orbital is like a single dumbbell along the z-axis and a ring around the nucleus on the XY plane. It has only 2 lobes and 1 ring.
We could see that all other orbitals except the ${{\text{d}}_{{{\text{z}}^{\text{2}}}}}$ orbital have a double dumbbell shape, 4 lobes.
${{\text{d}}_{{{\text{z}}^{\text{2}}}}}$ have single dumbbell-shaped and 2 number lobes.
Thus the correct answer is ${{\text{d}}_{{{\text{z}}^{\text{2}}}}}$
Therefore, the correct option is (B) .
Note: The shapes of these orbitals help us to find the d orbital splitting on the approach of octahedral as well as tetrahedral ligands. The Crystal Field theory can be understood well with the knowledge of the structure of the orbitals and their orientation. Transition metals show special properties because of the d orbitals.

The d shell has 5 orbitals in which except 1 orbital, all others have 4 lobes.
Complete step by step answer:
Let us look at all the orbitals of d.
We know that there are 5 lobes in the d orbital. They are ${{\text{d}}_{{\text{xy}}}}$, ${{\text{d}}_{{\text{xz}}}}$, ${{\text{d}}_{{\text{yz}}}}$, ${{\text{d}}_{{{\text{x}}^{\text{2}}}{\text{ - }}{{\text{y}}^{\text{2}}}}}$, ${{\text{d}}_{{{\text{z}}^{\text{2}}}}}$
First, let us have a look at the orientation of the ${{\text{d}}_{{\text{xy}}}}$ orbital. It is in the x-y plane.

The ${{\text{d}}_{{\text{xz}}}}$ orbital is in the x-z plane, which means the lobe lies between the x and y-axis.

The ${{\text{d}}_{{\text{yz}}}}$ orbital lies in the y-z plane, which is between the z and y-axis.

The ${{\text{d}}_{{{\text{x}}^{\text{2}}}{\text{ - }}{{\text{y}}^{\text{2}}}}}$ orbital lies on the x and y-axis.

The ${{\text{d}}_{{{\text{z}}^{\text{2}}}}}$ orbital is like a single dumbbell along the z-axis and a ring around the nucleus on the XY plane. It has only 2 lobes and 1 ring.

We could see that all other orbitals except the ${{\text{d}}_{{{\text{z}}^{\text{2}}}}}$ orbital have a double dumbbell shape, 4 lobes.
${{\text{d}}_{{{\text{z}}^{\text{2}}}}}$ have single dumbbell-shaped and 2 number lobes.
Thus the correct answer is ${{\text{d}}_{{{\text{z}}^{\text{2}}}}}$
Therefore, the correct option is (B) .
Note: The shapes of these orbitals help us to find the d orbital splitting on the approach of octahedral as well as tetrahedral ligands. The Crystal Field theory can be understood well with the knowledge of the structure of the orbitals and their orientation. Transition metals show special properties because of the d orbitals.
Recently Updated Pages
The correct geometry and hybridization for XeF4 are class 11 chemistry CBSE

Water softening by Clarks process uses ACalcium bicarbonate class 11 chemistry CBSE

With reference to graphite and diamond which of the class 11 chemistry CBSE

A certain household has consumed 250 units of energy class 11 physics CBSE

The lightest metal known is A beryllium B lithium C class 11 chemistry CBSE

What is the formula mass of the iodine molecule class 11 chemistry CBSE

Trending doubts
Draw a labelled sketch of the human eye class 12 physics CBSE

Differentiate between homogeneous and heterogeneous class 12 chemistry CBSE

What are the major means of transport Explain each class 12 social science CBSE

Which of the following properties of a proton can change class 12 physics CBSE

What is a transformer Explain the principle construction class 12 physics CBSE

Why is the cell called the structural and functional class 12 biology CBSE
