Question

Which method of mining is used to mine minerals that are found closer to the earth’s surface?
A. Open cast mining
B. Surface mining
C. Strip mining
D. Quarrying

Answer 1

Hint: The mining is the method of extraction of minerals from the earth generally from ore. The mining which is used to extract the minerals that are found closer to the earth’s surface if surface mining. Surface mining has different types such as strip mining and open pit mining.

Complete answer:
Mining is the process of extraction or removal of minerals from the surface of the Earth generally from an ore body, lode, vein, seam, reef or placer deposit. Ores which are recovered by the process of mining consist of metals, coal, oil and so on.
The mining used to mine the minerals that are found near to the earth’s surface is surface mining. In surface mining soil and rocks overlying the mineral deposit are removed. Surface mining is of five types. Such as:
Strip mining
Open-pit mining
Mountaintop removal
Dredging
Highwall mining
Strip mining includes the mining of seam of minerals by following overburden removal.
Open-pit mining is the method of extracting rock and minerals from the earth through their removal from borrow.
Mountaintop removal mining is a method of coal mining that mines coal seams beneath mountaintops by removing the mountaintop overlying the coal seam.
Dredging is the process of mining below the water table. Mostly it is used for gold.
Highwall mining does not involve the coal seam by following overburden removal.

Hence, option B is correct.

Note:
Mineral processing includes the process of crushing, grinding, and washing an ore. So that separation could be done to get valuable metal or minerals from the impurity or their waste. The waste or the impurity of an ore is called gangue. Different methods are used for purification for example gravity dependent methods of separation.