Answer
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Hint:
He was the ninth Sikh guru who earned the devoted title of "Hind-di-Chadar" or the Shield of India.
He was also the founder of Patiala, the city of Punjab.
Gurudwara Rakab Ganj Sahib is the place where Guruji’s body was cremated.
Complete answer:
Option (A) Tegh Bahadur:
In the late 17th century, Mughal emperor Aurangzeb applied the Sharia law across his empire and an additional jizya tax on non-Muslims. It is also believed that he forcefully converted many people to Islam.
According to Sikh tradition, some Kashmiri Pandits ran away from these forced conversions and sought shelter with Guru Tegh Bahadur and told him the entire story. After thinking upon the situation he finally told the Pandits to inform Aurangzeb that if he can convert him to Islam then they will all convert. Otherwise, he should leave them alone.
Aurangzeb was overjoyed that by converting one person, he would be able to convert many 1000's to Islam. Accordingly, he ordered his officers to arrest Guru Tegh Bahadur.
In the summer of 1675, the Guru, along with some of his companions were brought to Delhi and asked to adapt to Islam or else face death. Guru Tegh Bahadur declared that he would rather sacrifice his life than give up his faith and his freedom of belief. Thus, under Aurangzeb's orders, Guruji and his companions were tormented. The Guru was chained and jailed in a cage and was tortured in the most inhuman ways for five long days.
Finally, the Guru was beheaded on 24 November 1675 under imperial warrant, in broad daylight, in the middle of a public square, the most prominent public place in India, called Chandni Chowk, of Delhi. “Gurdwara Sis Ganj” in Delhi marks the place of execution. Guru Tegh Bahadur thus earned the devoted title of "Hind-di-Chadar" or the Shield of India.
Gurudwara Rakab Ganj Sahib is the place where Guruji’s body was cremated.
Option (B) Arjan Dev:
In the year 1606, Guru Arjan Dev, the fifth Sikh guru was captured by Mughal Emperor Jahangir and imprisoned in Lahore Fort. One of the reason was that he had blessed Jahangir’s rebellious son Khusrau, and the other reason was his growing influence in Northern India that threatened the orthodox Muslim clergy as well as the Hindu elite.
After imprisoning the guru, Jahangir asked for Rs 2 lakh as a fine as well as the removal of all texts from the “Adi Granth”, the holy book of Sikh, which the guru had compiled, that could be ‘offensive’ to Hindus or Muslims.
But the guru was determined and refused to omit anything from the Granth, so the Mughal emperor condemned him to be tortured to death. It is believed on 30 May 1606, Guru Arjan Dev was allowed to take a bath in River Ravi and he never returned. It is here that “Gurdwara Dera Sahib” in Lahore stands.
Option (C) Hargobind:
Guru Hargobind, the sixth Sikh guru, is credited for spearheading the militarisation of the religion. Mughal emperor Jahangir jailed him in the fortress of Gwalior for 12 years because of Guru Hargobind’s attempt to build a strong Sikh army. Later he was set free.
After Jahangir’s demise, Shah Jahan started persecuting the Sikh community. Guru Hargobind took on Shah Jahan, and his strong army defeated the Mughal armies four times. The defeat of Shah Jahan at the hands of Sikhs was a telling blow to the military might of the Mughals.
On March 2, 1644, he took his last breath at Kiratpur Sahib and was cremated on the banks of River Sutlej. “Gurdwara Patalpuri Sahib” now stands at his place of death.
Option (D) Gobind Singh:
Guru Gobind Singh, born as Gobind Rai, became the Sikh Guru at the age of nine when his father and the ninth Guru, Guru Tegh Bahadur was executed by the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb for refusing to embrace Islam.
Wazir Khan sent two Afghan assassins Jamshed Khan and Wasil Beg to attack the Guru, who along with his troops was stationed in the Deccan. At Nanded, one of the assassins stabbed the Guru in his sleep. The attacker Jamshed was killed by the Guru while his accomplice was killed by Sikh guards.
A few days later on 7 October 1708, Guru Gobind Singh died of wounds.
Therefore the correct answer is D
Note
Guru Tegh Bahadur was born on 1 April 1621, in Amritsar.
He was the founder of Anandpur Sahib, a city in the Rupnagar district of Punjab.
Anandpur Sahib is one of the sacred places of Sikhs.
He was the ninth Sikh guru who earned the devoted title of "Hind-di-Chadar" or the Shield of India.
He was also the founder of Patiala, the city of Punjab.
Gurudwara Rakab Ganj Sahib is the place where Guruji’s body was cremated.
Complete answer:
Option (A) Tegh Bahadur:
In the late 17th century, Mughal emperor Aurangzeb applied the Sharia law across his empire and an additional jizya tax on non-Muslims. It is also believed that he forcefully converted many people to Islam.
According to Sikh tradition, some Kashmiri Pandits ran away from these forced conversions and sought shelter with Guru Tegh Bahadur and told him the entire story. After thinking upon the situation he finally told the Pandits to inform Aurangzeb that if he can convert him to Islam then they will all convert. Otherwise, he should leave them alone.
Aurangzeb was overjoyed that by converting one person, he would be able to convert many 1000's to Islam. Accordingly, he ordered his officers to arrest Guru Tegh Bahadur.
In the summer of 1675, the Guru, along with some of his companions were brought to Delhi and asked to adapt to Islam or else face death. Guru Tegh Bahadur declared that he would rather sacrifice his life than give up his faith and his freedom of belief. Thus, under Aurangzeb's orders, Guruji and his companions were tormented. The Guru was chained and jailed in a cage and was tortured in the most inhuman ways for five long days.
Finally, the Guru was beheaded on 24 November 1675 under imperial warrant, in broad daylight, in the middle of a public square, the most prominent public place in India, called Chandni Chowk, of Delhi. “Gurdwara Sis Ganj” in Delhi marks the place of execution. Guru Tegh Bahadur thus earned the devoted title of "Hind-di-Chadar" or the Shield of India.
Gurudwara Rakab Ganj Sahib is the place where Guruji’s body was cremated.
Option (B) Arjan Dev:
In the year 1606, Guru Arjan Dev, the fifth Sikh guru was captured by Mughal Emperor Jahangir and imprisoned in Lahore Fort. One of the reason was that he had blessed Jahangir’s rebellious son Khusrau, and the other reason was his growing influence in Northern India that threatened the orthodox Muslim clergy as well as the Hindu elite.
After imprisoning the guru, Jahangir asked for Rs 2 lakh as a fine as well as the removal of all texts from the “Adi Granth”, the holy book of Sikh, which the guru had compiled, that could be ‘offensive’ to Hindus or Muslims.
But the guru was determined and refused to omit anything from the Granth, so the Mughal emperor condemned him to be tortured to death. It is believed on 30 May 1606, Guru Arjan Dev was allowed to take a bath in River Ravi and he never returned. It is here that “Gurdwara Dera Sahib” in Lahore stands.
Option (C) Hargobind:
Guru Hargobind, the sixth Sikh guru, is credited for spearheading the militarisation of the religion. Mughal emperor Jahangir jailed him in the fortress of Gwalior for 12 years because of Guru Hargobind’s attempt to build a strong Sikh army. Later he was set free.
After Jahangir’s demise, Shah Jahan started persecuting the Sikh community. Guru Hargobind took on Shah Jahan, and his strong army defeated the Mughal armies four times. The defeat of Shah Jahan at the hands of Sikhs was a telling blow to the military might of the Mughals.
On March 2, 1644, he took his last breath at Kiratpur Sahib and was cremated on the banks of River Sutlej. “Gurdwara Patalpuri Sahib” now stands at his place of death.
Option (D) Gobind Singh:
Guru Gobind Singh, born as Gobind Rai, became the Sikh Guru at the age of nine when his father and the ninth Guru, Guru Tegh Bahadur was executed by the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb for refusing to embrace Islam.
Wazir Khan sent two Afghan assassins Jamshed Khan and Wasil Beg to attack the Guru, who along with his troops was stationed in the Deccan. At Nanded, one of the assassins stabbed the Guru in his sleep. The attacker Jamshed was killed by the Guru while his accomplice was killed by Sikh guards.
A few days later on 7 October 1708, Guru Gobind Singh died of wounds.
Therefore the correct answer is D
Note
Guru Tegh Bahadur was born on 1 April 1621, in Amritsar.
He was the founder of Anandpur Sahib, a city in the Rupnagar district of Punjab.
Anandpur Sahib is one of the sacred places of Sikhs.
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