Question

Write any two points of difference between B-Lymphocytes and T-lymphocytes.

Answer 1

Hint: One of the distinct kinds of white blood cells is lymphocytes. There is a particular role for each type of white blood cell, and they all work together to combat illness and disease.

Complete Answer:

Characteristics	B cells	T cells
Site of Maturation	In the bone marrow, B lymphocytes both originate and mature.	After its activation in the bone marrow, T lymphocytes mature in the thymus.
Position	Outside the lymph node, mature B cells mostly occur.	Within the lymph node, mature T cells mostly occur.
Distribution	Lymph node germinal centres, spleen, gut, respiratory tract; lymph node subcapsular and medullary cords, as well.	Parafollicular regions of the lymph node cortex and periarteriolar areas of the spleen.
Receptors	B-cell receptors (BCRs) consist of membrane antibodies known as surface receptors for immunoglobulin.	T-cell receptors (TCRs) are called surface receptors and they differ from membrane antibodies.
Binds with	Extracellular antigens, such as bacteria, free viruses, and other foreign materials that circulate free.	Foreign antigen is just a virus-infected cell in combination with self-antigen.
The need for antigen processing	It is not necessary	It is necessary
Connection	On the surface of the invading virus or bacteria, they bind directly with the antigens.	Only on the outside of infected cells can they bind to antigens and not directly.
Cell Surface Marker	In B cells CD19 is the cell marker	In T cells CD3 is the cell marker
Microvilli	Present on cell surface	Absent
Active cell Types	In plasma cells and memory cells, they differentiate.	They are differentiated along with memory cells into several subsets of T cells such as Cytotoxic T cells (CD8 + T cells), Helper T cells (CD4 + T cells) and suppressor cells.
Abundance	It accounts for about 20% of the lymphocytes in the blood.	This accounts for about 80% of the lymphocytes in the blood.
Functions	Help eradicate free foreign invaders by strengthening their immune responses; provide immunity to most foreign antigens and bacteria.	Support the lysis of virus-infected cells and tumour cells; provide immunity to most viruses and intracellular bacterial pathogens; support the development of antibodies by B cells.

Note: These properties are shared by both BCRs and TCRs:
- They are membrane proteins that are integral.
- They are present on the cell surface in thousands of identical copies that are revealed.
- They are formed before an antigen ever encounters the cell.
- They are encoded by genes obtained by the recombination of DNA segments.