Question

Write two uses of propan-2-one .

Answer 1

Hint: Ketones are those organic compounds in which the carbonyl group $(\underset{|}{\overset{|}{C}}=O)$ is attached to two carbon containing groups which can be the same or different alkyl , aryl or alkyl groups . The general formula of ketone is $(R-\stackrel{\parallel }{C}-R^{\prime })$ .

Complete answer:
-Propan-2-one is a ketone which contains three carbon atoms . Its formula is $C{H}_3-CO-C{H}_3$
-Two methyl groups are attached to the ketone group on both sides . The common name of propan-2one is dimethyl ketone or acetone .
-Ketones have many uses . The uses of propan-2-one are :
-Propan-2-one is widely used as a solvent in industry .
-Acetone is used as a constituent of nail polish remover .
-Acetone is also used to prepare many chemicals such as chloroform , ketene and acetic anhydride .

Additional information :
The preparation of propan-2-one can be done in the following ways :
-When isopropyl alcohol is treated with chromium and manganese reagent propan-2-one is formed .
$C{H}_3-CHOH-C{H}_3\stackrel{K_{2}C{r}_2{O}_7+H_{2}S{O}_4}{\to }C{H}_3-CO-C{H}_3$
-When dry distillation of calcium acetate takes place acetone is formed .
$C{H}_{3}COO-Ca-COOC{H}_3\stackrel{distillation}{\to }C{H}_3-CO-C{H}_3+CaC{O}_3$
-When oxidation of propylene takes place by treating it with a solution of $PdC{l}_2$ containing a catalytic amount of $CuC{l}_2$ in presence of oxygen or air then acetone is formed .
$C{H}_{3}CH=C{H}_2+H_{2}O+PdC{l}_2\underset{Air}{\overset{CuC{l}_2}{\to }}C{H}_{3}COC{H}_3+Pd+2HCl$

Note:
In ketones the carbon-oxygen double bond is polar whereas the carbon-carbon bond is nonpolar . The bond length of $C=O$ is $123pm$ . Also the carbonyl group in ketones is planar in nature and $s{p}^2$ hybrid orbitals of carbon atom is used for its formation .