NCERT Books Free Download for Class 12 Biology Chapter 14 - Ecosystem

All the chapters of different subjects come handy with the availability of NCERT books both online and offline. The most interesting part regarding these books are that they can easily be downloaded from the official website as and when required and can be read in the offline mode as well. NCERT books have become student-friendly due to their comprehensible language and smoother flow of learning due to segregation of various topics under different headings. The illustrated diagrams, an essential part of Biology, is added below every discussion to make the contents look attractive. 

Each chapter comes with multiple questions which range from question/answers, multiple choice questions, comparison and so on. Students after completing those chapters are advised to go through the questions thoroughly and try solving them on their own. The book is also loved because of its multiple solved examples that come along with the chapters which makes the learning process much more interesting. Students are eager to delve deeper into the contents of the chapters because of its lucidness and easy accessibility.

The best part of these books is the study materials that are easily available online and can be downloaded for future reference. Students can download the Vedantu app and get access to the minutest details, question papers, and its solution for the subject or the chapter concerned. Class 12 is all about revision and the more the practice, the better the result.

The Class 12 Biology syllabus of CBSE has been compiled in such a way that it touches upon the subject quite holistically. The chapters dealt within this book are discussed below in brief:-

Chapter 1 – Reproduction in Organism – It explains how reproduction is essential for the continuity of any gene.

Chapter 2 – Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants - The significant aspect covered in the chapter explains morphology, the structure and the process of sexual reproduction in the flowering plants and how the parts of the flower are formed.

Chapter 3 – Human Reproduction – This particular chapter covers the male and female reproductive system details. It explains the structure of the sperm and how chromosomes get formed.

Chapter 4 – Reproductive Health - It deals with the  details about reproductive health issues and its strategies, birth control and population explosion.

Chapter 5 – Principles of Inheritance and Variation – This topic particularly covers hereditary, genetic disorders, sex determination in humans and the definition of the chromosomes.

Chapter 6 – Molecular Basis of Inheritance – This chapter talks about the genome, a cookbook of life.

Chapter 7 – Evolution – The contents that are covered in this chapter are crucial as it explains the concept of Evolutionary Biology, which is the study of the history of the life forms on earth. It explains the origin of the universe and also talks about the theories through experiments.

Chapter 8 – Human Health and Disease – The crucial content covered in this chapter tells everything about human health and diseases. It explains how the recent advancement in science and technology have been able to decrease the rate of mortality.

Chapter 9 – Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production – This chapter talks about animal breeding, outbreeding and various topics like animal husbandry and germplasm.

Chapter 10 – Microbes in Human Welfare – This topic explains how microbes are beneficial and detrimental to the welfare of human beings. It also explains how microbes are used in vaccination and how they also act as biocontrol agents.

Chapter 11 – Biotechnology: Principles and Processes – It covers how biotechnology is useful to the welfare of human beings.

Chapter 12 – Biotechnology and its Applications - The crucial contents covered in the chapter talks about how Biology is used to develop technologies and products. It explains the use of Biology in agriculture and other spheres of life.

Chapter 13 – Organisms and Populations – The crucial contents that are covered in this chapter builds on the students' understanding of the relationship between the organisms and the environment that it stays in.

Chapter 14 – Ecosystem – This topic covers details about the functional unit of nature and our ecosystem and explains how the living organisms interact with each other and the physical environment of their surroundings.

Chapter 15 – Biodiversity and Conservation – This covers the topics on the magnitude of biodiversity, its levels and the threats to biodiversity.

Chapter 16 – Environmental Issues – This is about pollution and how it is a threat to the environment.

As per the NCERT Class 12 revision notes Biology Chapter 14 solution, there are four main components of the ecosystem which are also referred to as the functional units. These are productivity, decomposition, energy flow, and nutrient cycling. It also touches upon contents based on carbon and phosphorus cycles and the ecological pyramids. Students can refer to CBSE Class 12 Biology Notes Chapter-14 to get more details on the concerned topic and make keynotes for future references. 

Once done with the revision of chapters, students should try out previous year papers to get a better understanding on each topic and evaluate one’s own progress. They should set a fixed routine and strictly stick to it till the end of the examination. This is an essential practice since it teaches one the skill of time management which proves beneficial for a later stage. Those questions which seem unfamiliar should be given more attention and solutions should be matched from the particular NCERT Solutions available online. These are authentic solutions compiled by subject-specific experts for easing the learning process. 

With the right strategy and approach towards the learning process, vedantu makes sure that a candidate ace the boards’ examination without any hassle.