CPU Full Form

CPU full name or CPU full form in computers is the Central Processing Unit, also known as the processor. The processor (CPU long form), is the main component or "brain" of a computer, processing data provided by the user and producing an output.

The CPU is the component of any computer that provides the computer with processing power. The central processing unit of modern computers operates at breakneck speed, performing millions of calculations in seconds to execute any programme. We often refer to the CPU as the computer's brain because it is where all arithmetic calculations and logical operations occur. 

If you are looking for the CPU full form in a computer or asked ‘what is the full form of CPU’, then you can refer to this article anytime. 

History Of CPU

In the early 1960s, the term CPU was first used in the computer industry. The term CPU was first used to describe a device for software execution, and it became popular with the introduction of the stored programme computer. The following are some significant events in the history of CPU:

• Baron Jons Jackob discovered silicon, the basic component of processors, in 1823.

• Nikola Tesla patented electrical logic circuits in 1903 (gates or switches).

• At Bell Laboratories, John Barden, Walter Brattain, and William Shockley invented the first transistor in 1947.

• Robert Noyce and Jack Kilby invented the first integrated circuit in 1958.

• The first microprocessor, Intel 4004 microprocessor, was introduced on November 15, 1971.

• In March 1991, AMD introduced the AM386 microprocessor family.

• Intel released the Pentium processor, a 60 MHz processor with 3.1 million transistors, on March 22, 1993.

• Intel released the Celeron 553 MHz bus processor on January 4, 2000.

• Intel released the Core 2 Duo processor E6320 on April 22, 2006.

• Intel introduced the first Core i7 Desktop processors in November 2008.

• Intel released the first Core i5 Mobile processors in January 2010. (i5-430M and i5-520E).

Components Of CPUs

• Arithmetical Logic Unit: This is one of the CPU's major parts. This ensures that all logical and arithmetical operations are performed successfully.

• Control Unit: It is one of the CPU's main components. The complete computer system is instructed to perform a specific task.

• Memory Unit: A processor's memory unit is made up of high-speed memory, which is used by the CPU to store data.

CPU = ALU + CU

[Where, CPU full form: Central Processing Unit, ALU full form: Arithmetical Logical Unit and CU full form: Control Unit]

Various Types Of CPU

There are three main types of CPU.

1. Transistor type CPU

2. Large Scale Integration type CPU

3. Small Scale Integration type CPU

Internal Structure Of The CPU

• A microprocessor, also known as a central processing unit, is made up of IC chips.

• Millions of IC chips are packed into a single processing chip to make up the CPU. Each of these Integrated Circuit Chips is made up of millions of transistors, which are nanoscale components.

• These integrated chip transistors are made of silicon, a semiconductor material.

• These transistors are the fundamental components of a processor and act as a micro switch that can be programmed to one of two states: on or off. And this is the main reason: a computer or processor can only understand binary language or binary code, which is represented by the numbers 0 and 1, which represent on and off.

CPU Functions

Any CPU's job is to execute a programme, which is a collection of instructions stored on a computer. As a result, during the execution of any programme, the CPU follows a predetermined cycle. The Central Processing Unit instructions cycle is executed sequentially, and the CPU processes each and every instruction, which includes the steps below. -

• Read a Memory command

• Decode the command

• Locate the operand's address

• Getting a hold of an operand

• Executing the desired action

• Finding the address of the desired destination memory

• Store the result in the desired destination memory

Did You Know?

• The Ghz unit is used to measure the speed of modern CPUs because they are so fast.

• Apple has created its own M1 microprocessor for the first time in 2020, and it has received a lot of praise for its speed.

• Intel, a company based in the United States, produces the most microprocessors.