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Area of Isosceles Triangle Formula with Solved Examples
An Isosceles Triangle is one in which two sides are equal in length. By this definition , an equilateral Triangle is also an Isosceles Triangle. Let us consider an Isosceles Triangle as shown in the following diagram (whose sides are known, say a, a and b).
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As the altitude of an Isosceles Triangle drawn from its vertical angle is also its angle bisector and the median to the base (which can be proved using congruence of Triangles), we have two right Triangles as shown in the figure above.
Using the Pythagorean theorem, we have the following result.
\[AC^2=AD^2+DC^2\Rightarrow h^2=a^2-(\frac{b}{2})^2\Rightarrow h=\sqrt{a^2-\frac{b^2}{4}}\]
So the area of the Isosceles can be calculated as follows.
\[area=\frac{1}{2}bh=\frac{b}{2}\sqrt{a^2-\frac{b^2}{4}}\]
The perimeter of the Isosceles Triangle is relatively simple to calculate, as shown below.
\[perimeter=2a+b\]
Also note that the area of the Isosceles Triangle can be calculated using Heron’s formula.
Area = \[\sqrt{s(s-a)(s-a)(s-b)}\]......(1)
s=\[\frac{a+a+a}{2}=a+\frac{b}{2}\]
Placing the value of ‘s’ in eq (i)
Area=\[\sqrt{(a+\frac{b}{2})(a+\frac{b}{2}-a)(a+\frac{b}{2}-a)(a+\frac{b}{2}-b)}\]
\[\sqrt{(a+\frac{b}{2})(\frac{b}{2})(\frac{b}{2})(\frac{2a-2b+b}{2})}\]
\[\sqrt{(\frac{2a+b}{2})(\frac{b^2}{4})(\frac{2a-b}{2})}\]
\[\frac{b}{2}\sqrt\frac{4a^2-b^2}{4}\]=\[\frac{b}{2}\sqrt{a^2-\frac{b^2}{4}}\]
Trigonometry can also be used in the case of Isosceles Triangles more easily because of the congruent right Triangles.
Let’s look at an example to see how to use these formulas.
Question: If the base and the area of an Isosceles Triangle are respectively
8cm and 12cm2, then find its perimeter.
Solution:
\[b=4cm, area=12cm^2\]
\[area=\frac{b}{2}\sqrt{a^2-\frac{b^2}{4}}\]
\[12=\frac{8}{2}\sqrt{a^2-\frac{8^2}{4}}\]
\[3=\sqrt{a^2-16}=a^2=25\Rightarrow a=5cm\]
Thus the perimeter of the Isosceles Triangle is calculated as follows.
\[perimeter=2a+b=2\times 5+8=18cm\]
Why don’t you try solving the following sum to see if you have mastered using these formulas?
Question: Calculate the area of an Isosceles Triangle whose sides are 13 cm, 13 cm and 24 cm.
Options:
60cm2
45cm2
30cm2
none of these
Answer: (a)
Solution:
\[a=13cm,b=24cm\]
\[Area=\frac{b}{2}\sqrt{a^2-\frac{b^2}{4}}\]
\[Area=\frac{24}{2}\sqrt{13^2-\frac{24^2}{4}}=12=\sqrt{169-144}=12\times 5=60cm^2\]
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Basic Rules about Isosceles Triangles
Triangle is constituted of three sides. But to identify a Triangle as an Isosceles Triangle it has to have some definite characteristics. One of the main characteristics of an Isosceles Triangle is that the two legs of the Triangle must be equal in length. Apart from these two, there will be the base of the Triangle that is not equal to the length of the two sides. There are also some other theorems that consider another feature to be equally important in order to identify a particular Triangle as an Isosceles Triangle. According to this theorem, the angles that will be opposite to the sides of the Triangle that are equal in length will also be equal.
Purpose of Learning the Concepts of Isosceles Triangles
The students should know the basic and foundational concepts of Geometry. The concept of an Isosceles Triangle is included in the syllabus of the students so that they can develop their idea of angles and the lengths of a Triangle. Questions from each of the topics of Geometry should be included in the question papers. If the students want to score good marks in Mathematics then they should understand the concept of every chapter that is included in the syllabus.
The foundational knowledge of Geometry will be particularly helpful for those students who want to pursue their academics or want to undertake research projects in the field of Mathematics. They may have to solve questions regarding this particular chapter in order to qualify for various other entrance Examinations and engineering Examinations.
Understanding the concept of an Isosceles Triangle is important because, in order to pursue their career in the engineering field of studies, the students need to find out the values of unknown angles and they should be very good at determining the shapes and lengths of various objects.
Simple Methods to Prove that a Particular Triangle is Isosceles
There are some simple facts that the students need to remember in order to prove or identify a Triangle as an Isosceles Triangle. The first rule is to check if the two sides of the Triangle are equal in length or not. If the length of the two sides of a Triangle is equal in length, then you have to check whether the base angles of the Triangle are equal or not. The base angles signify those two angles that are formed between the base of the Triangle and the two sides of the Triangle that are equal in length. If you find that the third angle, that is the angle between the two sides of the Triangle that are equal in length, is 90 degrees, then you can conclude that this particular Triangle is a Right Isosceles Triangle.
Can Isosceles Triangles be considered as Equilateral Triangles?
To find the answer to this particular question, you need to understand the concept of equilateral Triangles. Equilateral Triangles are those Triangles that are constituted by three sides that are equal in length. Since all the three sides of an equilateral Triangle are of similar length, it is quite predictable that the angles formed between these three sides of the Triangle are also equal.
Isosceles Triangles are formed by three sides. Among these three, any two sides will be equal in length and the angles formed at the opposite of the sides will also be equal. Because of this special characteristic of Isosceles Triangles, it can be considered that every equilateral Triangle can also be an Isosceles Triangle. But every Isosceles Triangle cannot be considered an equilateral Triangle because all the three angles of the Isosceles Triangle will not be equal.
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FAQs on Area of Isosceles Triangle Formula
1.What is an Isosceles Triangle?
An Isosceles Triangle can be defined as a special type of Triangle whose at least 2 sides are equal in measure. For an Isosceles Triangle, along with two sides, two angles are also equal in measure. The area of an Isosceles Triangle is the amount of region enclosed by it in a two-dimensional space. The general formula for the area of the Triangle is equal to half of the product of the base and height of the Triangle.
The area of an Isosceles Triangle is defined as the amount of space occupied by the Isosceles Triangle in the two-dimensional area. To calculate the area of an equilateral Triangle, the following formula is used:
A = ½ × b × h
The formula to calculate the perimeter of an equilateral Triangle is:
P = 2a + b
2.Why is Vedantu trusted, an education partner?
Vedantu makes subject wise study elements for students of all types to make their learning method easy and understandable. Study modules on all topics given by us support uncomplicated access so that learners can read concepts clearly without confusion.
Students will benefit from the support we bring to score high as well as develop a strong conceptual understanding. We have covered all the topics and sub-topics of all the subjects and they are created in a step by step way to make the students' work easy and simple. Our main maxim is to make the learning process simple and improve a higher retention rate. We always think from the examination point of view before preparing these answers.
3.What is Heron's Formula Area Triangle?
Heron's formula is a formula that can be used to find the area of a Triangle when given its three side lengths. It could be applied to all shapes of the Triangle, as long as we know its lengths of three sides. The formula is as follows: The area of a Triangle whose side lengths are a, b, (a, b), (a,b), and c c c is given by.
Example to find the area of a Triangle, multiply the base by the height, and then divide by 2. The division by 2 actually comes from the certainty that a parallelogram can be divided into 2 Triangles.
4.Explain the concept of similarity of Triangles.
Here, in Maths concept of similarity of Triangles concept, you will be learning what are the corresponding angles of two Triangles and what are corresponding sides of two Triangles. If the angle of the two Triangles is the same then, it will be called an equiangular Triangle.
Criteria for the Similarity of Triangles:
In this concept, you will be learning about various criteria to find out the similarity of the given Triangles. You will be introduced mainly about AAA (Angle-Angle-Angle) criteria of similarity, SSS (Side-Side-Side) criteria of similarity and SAS (Side-Angle-Side) criteria of similarity.
Areas of Similar Triangles:
Here, you will be taught about how corresponding sides will be equal to the ratio of the given Triangle area.
5.What are the different types of Isosceles Triangles?
Triangles can be of different types depending on the angle that is made by the two sides of the Triangle that are equal in length. The different types of Isosceles Triangles are named the Isosceles acute Triangle, Isosceles obtuse Triangle and Isosceles Right Triangle.
If the Triangle is constituted of three angles that are less than 90 degrees and if any two of the three angles are equal, then this particular Triangle will be an Isosceles acute Triangle.
If a particular Triangle is constituted of three angles and any two of them are less than 90° and one of the angles is more than 90 degrees, then that particular Triangle will be known as an Isosceles obtuse Triangle.
An Isosceles Right Triangle will be constructed by two sides that are equal in length and the base angles will be equal in measurement. Also, the angle that is at the opposite of the base of the Triangle will be 90 degrees. Download the free study materials from the website of Vedantu to get a detailed understanding of the various types of Triangles and their characteristics.