
The highest ionization energy is exhibited by –
(A) Halogens
(B) Alkaline earth metals
(C) Transition metals
(D) Noble gases
Answer
133.8k+ views
Hint: Ionization energy is the measure of difficulty in removing an electron from an atom or an ion. Elements which have a greater number of protons holding all the electrons together are said to be more stable. Hence, they would avoid losing electrons.
Complete step by step answer: The amount of energy that an isolated gaseous atom requires to lose an electron in its ground state.
In the periodic table, as we move across a period, more electrons are added to shells with the same quantum level. Thus, the shielding of additional electrons from electrons already present does not increase much. Repulsion from existing electrons and attraction from the nucleus are the two forces acting on the new electron simultaneously. These two compensate for each other.
So, across a period, nuclear charge overpowers the shielding effect. As a result of this electrons experience strong attraction from the nucleus which makes it extremely difficult to remove electrons. Hence, the value of ionization energy increases from left to right in a period.
As per these conditions, noble gases have the highest ionisation energy. However, since they are inert in nature and do not react much, we consider halogens to have the highest ionization energy.
Hence, Halogens exhibit highest ionization energy i.e. option A.
Additional information: Halogens are located to the extreme right side of the periodic table i.e. in group 17. Their general electronic configuration is \[{\text{n}}{{\text{s}}^2}{\text{ n}}{{\text{p}}^5}\]. These elements have seven valance electrons and are highly reactive.
Note: As per general trends seen in periodic properties, we consider noble gases to have highest ionization enthalpy. But remember, as the name suggests, these elements are noble and hence do not react much.
Complete step by step answer: The amount of energy that an isolated gaseous atom requires to lose an electron in its ground state.
In the periodic table, as we move across a period, more electrons are added to shells with the same quantum level. Thus, the shielding of additional electrons from electrons already present does not increase much. Repulsion from existing electrons and attraction from the nucleus are the two forces acting on the new electron simultaneously. These two compensate for each other.
So, across a period, nuclear charge overpowers the shielding effect. As a result of this electrons experience strong attraction from the nucleus which makes it extremely difficult to remove electrons. Hence, the value of ionization energy increases from left to right in a period.
As per these conditions, noble gases have the highest ionisation energy. However, since they are inert in nature and do not react much, we consider halogens to have the highest ionization energy.
Hence, Halogens exhibit highest ionization energy i.e. option A.
Additional information: Halogens are located to the extreme right side of the periodic table i.e. in group 17. Their general electronic configuration is \[{\text{n}}{{\text{s}}^2}{\text{ n}}{{\text{p}}^5}\]. These elements have seven valance electrons and are highly reactive.
Note: As per general trends seen in periodic properties, we consider noble gases to have highest ionization enthalpy. But remember, as the name suggests, these elements are noble and hence do not react much.
Recently Updated Pages
JEE Main 2025 Session 2 Form Correction (Closed) – What Can Be Edited

Sign up for JEE Main 2025 Live Classes - Vedantu

JEE Main Books 2023-24: Best JEE Main Books for Physics, Chemistry and Maths

JEE Main 2023 April 13 Shift 1 Question Paper with Answer Key

JEE Main 2023 April 11 Shift 2 Question Paper with Answer Key

JEE Main 2023 April 10 Shift 2 Question Paper with Answer Key

Trending doubts
JEE Main 2025 Session 2: Application Form (Out), Exam Dates (Released), Eligibility, & More

JEE Main 2025: Conversion of Galvanometer Into Ammeter And Voltmeter in Physics

JEE Main 2025: Derivation of Equation of Trajectory in Physics

Electric Field Due to Uniformly Charged Ring for JEE Main 2025 - Formula and Derivation

Classification of Drugs

Chlorobenzene can be prepared by reacting aniline with class 12 chemistry JEE_Main

Other Pages
NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 6 Haloalkanes and Haloarenes

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 2 Electrochemistry

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 7 Alcohol Phenol and Ether

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 1 Solutions

Solutions Class 12 Notes: CBSE Chemistry Chapter 1

Electrochemistry Class 12 Notes: CBSE Chemistry Chapter 2
