Question

Among the following sets of examples for divergent evolution, select the incorrect option.
A. Brain of bat, man and cheetah
B. Forelimbs of man, bat and cheetah
C. Eyes of octopus, bat and man
D. Heart of bat, man and cheetah

Answer 1

Hint: Divergent evolution is the process which results in the formation of new species by the evolution of ancestors. Homologous structures lead to divergent evolution. The brain, heart and forelimbs are analogous organs.

Complete answer:
Evolution is the phenomenon by which changes in the features of different organisms occur. Organic evolution theory explains that recent types of plants and animals originate from pre-existing forms. The distinguishable differences between ancestors and descendants occur due to modification in successive generations. Organic evolution can be of eight types that are: Divergent, Co- evaluation, progressive, mega evolution, parallel evolution, microevolution, macroevolution, and convergent evolution.
The convergent evolution is also known as the parallel evolution. It is the geographical area which includes similar groups of plants and animals. Analogous organs have similar functions. Analogous organs show convergent evolution.
Divergent evolution occurs when two groups of the same species evolve different traits in order to accommodate for the different environment conditions and social pressure.
Due to adaptation to different needs the forelimbs, heart and brain of vertebrates developed along different directions whereas eyes of octopus, bat and man are examples of analogous organs showing convergent evolution.

So, the correct answer is C.

Note:
The analogous organs have similar functions but different origins. Homologous structures share a similar embryonic origin while the analogous organs have a similar function. For example, the bones in the front flipper of a whale and the bones in the human arm are homologous. These structures are not analogous. Example of analogous organs is: the wings of a butterfly and the wings of a bird.