Question

Why is the banking of roads done?
${\text{A}}{\text{.}}$ To provide enough friction for circular motion of the vehicle.
${\text{B}}{\text{.}}$ To provide necessary centripetal force required for circular motion of the vehicle.
${\text{C}}{\text{.}}$ To provide enough radius of curvature for circular motion of the vehicle.
${\text{D}}{\text{.}}$ To provide enough area for navigating in the circular motion of the vehicle.

Answer 1

Hint: Here, we will be proceeding by definition the terms like banking of road, the angle of banking and the centripetal force. Then, we will mention the necessity of doing banking on the roads.

Complete step-by-step answer:
The process of raising the outer edge of a road over its inner edge through a certain angle is known as banking of road. This angle is known as the angle of banking.

When a vehicle goes round a curved road, it requires some centripetal force. While rounding the curve, the wheels of the vehicle have a tendency to leave the curved path and regain the straight line path. Force of friction between wheels and the roads opposes this tendency of the wheels. This force of friction therefore, acts towards the centre of the circular track and provides the necessary centripetal force.

This banking of the road is done in order to provide the necessary centripetal force to the vehicles so that they can take a safe turn.

Centripetal force is defined as the force that pulls or pushes an object toward the centre of a circle as it travels, causing angular or circular motion.

Therefore, the banking of roads is done to provide necessary centripetal force required for circular motion of the vehicle.

Hence, option B is correct.

Note: When centripetal force is less the vehicle skid. To eliminate this difficulty, roads are banked. When the road is banked, the horizontal component of normal reaction provides necessary centripetal force required for circular motion. During motorcycle races, the riders tilt their motorcycle and themselves in order to compensate for the angle of banking at that place.