Question

Darwin’s theory states that:
A) Characters are acquired through inheritance.
B) Species change morphologically with time.
C) Nature selects organisms which can adapt.
D) Evolution is due to the effect of the environment.

Answer 1

Hint: Charles Darwin proposed the theory of Evolution. He said that evolution is a gradual biological change.

Complete Answer:
Theory of biological evolution given by Charles Darwin. It was first formulated in his book “On the origin of species” in 1859. It says that evolution is mainly driven by natural selection.

Darwinism says that:
- More individuals are produced in each generation then they can survive.
- Phenotypic variations occur in individuals and these variations are heritable.
- The individuals who have better traits will only survive with respect to the environment.
- When reproductive isolation occurs, new species will form.
- Darwinism says that the entire organism arises and develops by natural selection. The variations can be small and heritable. This variation increases the organism’s ability to compete, survive and reproduce.
- The newly acquired characters, change of morphology with time and evolution due to environmental effects are governed by natural selection. The theory of Darwinism also says the survival of the fittest. Only those organisms who can survive who are fit enough to bear the changes will survive; rest all will gradually perish.

Thus the correct answer is (C) Nature selects the organisms which can adapt.

Note: Darwin’s theory made people aware of the evolutionary process. It also gave an idea of the evolution of Homo sapiens. Theory of natural selection governs evolution.