Question

Gaseous exchange in woody plants takes place through
(a)Stomata and lenticels
(b)Xylem parenchyma and phloem fiber
(c)Xylem and phloem
(d)Xylem fiber and phloem fiber

Answer 1

Hint: These pores are responsible for the interaction between the internal plant system and the environment, working on different processes such as photosynthesis process and transpiration stream. This found on the epidermis of different plant organs made up of parenchymatous cells are pores that always remain open.

Complete answer:
Stomata structures are small pores on the surfaces of leaves, stems and parts of angiosperm flowers and fruits, formed by a pair of specialized epidermal cells, which are found in the surface of aerial parts of most higher plants. Due to the controlling of the exchange of water vapour and carbon dioxide between the interior of the leaf and the atmosphere; the photosynthesis, the transpiration stream, the nutrition and the metabolism of land plants are in different ways related to the opening and closing movements of the stomata.
Lenticels are present on fruit surfaces, such as mango, apple, and avocado. Lenticels allow the exchange of gases between the environment and the internal tissue spaces of the organs. They permit the entrance of oxygen as well as the output of carbon dioxide and water vapor. In apple fruit, lenticels account for up to 21 percent of the transpiration.

Additional Information: -In a species-specific pattern, the phellem is interspersed with enticels, aerenchymatous cork areas which are regarded as paths for the exchange of water vapour, oxygen, and carbon dioxide between inside and outside.
-The phellem–phellogen complex is called the periderm. It belongs to the secondary plant body and represents the new barrier between the secondary stem and the atmosphere.
-In most instances the lenticels are partly filled with cells, densely packed and originating from the phellogen.
-An active cork cambium gives rise to loosely packed cork cells, enabling gaseous exchange and preventing microbial infection of the plant organ.

So, the correct answer is, ‘Stomata and lenticels.’

Note: -The isolated phellem consisted solely of heavily suberized cells, organized in typical radial rows, with the connecting middle lamellae completely intact.
-The inability to close the substomatal cavity with phellem caused the lenticel cavity to enlarge as the fruit grew and resulted in the forming of an atypical lenticel.