Question

What is genetic material in prokaryotic cells?

Answer 1

Hint: The genetic material of a cell or an organism is the material present inside the nucleus, mitochondria and cytoplasm, which play a fundamental role in determining the shape, structure and nature of the individual. The genetic material of a cell can be a gene, part of a gene, a group of genes, a DNA molecule, a fraction of DNA, a collection of DNA molecules, or the whole genome of an organism. Prokaryotic cells are generally smaller than Eukaryotic cells with a size ranging between $$0.1-5\mu m$$ in diameter. These are the simplest organisms that have all of the signs of existence.

Complete Explanation:
DNA is the genetic material present in prokaryotic cells. The DNA in prokaryotic cells is contained in the central area of the cell called the nucleoid. This type of cell does not contain a nucleus; hence, DNA is attached to the cell membrane and in direct contact with cytoplasm.
Prokaryotic cells are the smallest forms of cell. Their genetic material isn’t stored inside a membrane-bound nucleus. Rather, it is stored in a nucleoid that floats in the cytoplasm. Prokaryotic cells are normally smaller than eukaryotic cells, with an average length variety of zero, 1 to 5 μm in diameter. Despite their small size, there is complete chemical and biochemical machinery which is necessary for the growth, replication and the acquisition and utilization of energy inside each cell.

Note:
For all currently known living organisms, DNA is the genetic material with the exception of some viruses and prions. The cell partition in this type of cell gives structural integrity and shape to the cell and serves to anchor the whip-like flagella. Prokaryotic cells have a lot of uncommon features. Some of them stay in the absence of oxygen, a few live-in extreme conditions of heat and cold, others live deep inside the ocean where the only source of energy is hot hydrogen sulphide coming up from the core of the earth.