Question

Human genome contains base pairs
A. 2.5 million
B. 25 million
C. 27.2 million
D. 3.2 billion

Answer 1

Hint: The human genome includes the coding regions of DNA, which encode all the genes present in a human and also the non-coding regions of DNA do not encode any genes. There are a billion base pairs of DNA that composed the whole pair of chromosomes.

Complete answer:
The human genome is a complete set of nucleic acid sequences for humans, encoded as DNA within the 23 chromosome pairs in cell nuclei and in a small DNA molecule found within individual mitochondria. These are commonly used specifically as mitochondrial genomes and nuclear genomes. Human genomes include both protein-coding DNA genes and non-coding DNA.

Now, let us find the solution from the option.
- The human genome consists of approximately 20000- 30000 genes in its 3.2 billion base pairs haploid genome.
- The haploid DNA consisting of cells is known as C-value. The C-value contradiction is involved with the presence of immoderate amounts of DNA in eukaryotic cells. In eukaryotic species, the differences between C-values have the same complexity.
- The presence of a large amount of base pairs is explained on the basis of a large amount of structural DNA and junk DNA in chromosomes.

Thus, the correct option is D. i.e. 3.2 billion.

Note: Haploid human genomes, which are contained in germ cells (the egg and sperm gamete cells created in the meiosis phase of sexual reproduction before fertilization creates a zygote) consist of three billion DNA base pairs, while diploid genomes (found in somatic cells) have twice the DNA content. The first human genome sequences were published in nearly complete draft form in February 2001 by the Human Genome Project and Celera Corporation.