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Hint: The type of human blood is determined by codominant alleles. An allele is one of the different types of genetic material that is found in our DNA at a specific position on a particular chromosome. There are three distinct blood group alleles known as \[{{I}^{A}}\] , \[{{I}^{B}}\], and I. For convenience, these alleles can be named A (for \[{{I}^{A}}\]), B (for \[{{I}^{B}}\]), and O (for I).
Complete Answer:
- As each of us inherits one blood type allele from our biological mother and one from our biological father, each of us has two ABO blood type alleles. A definition of the allele pair in our DNA is called the genotype.
- As there are three separate alleles, there are a total of six distinct genotypes in the human ABO genetic locus. Various potential genotypes are AA, AO, BB, BO, AB, and OO. A blood test is used to assess if the characteristics of A and/or B are present in a blood sample. It is not possible to ascertain the exact genotype of either type A or type B blood test results.
- If anyone has type A blood, they must have at least one copy of the A allele, but they may have two copies. Its genotype is either AA or AO.Additionally, someone who is type B blood can have either a BB or a BO genotype. A type AB or type O blood test is more informative.
- Somebody with blood type AB must have both the A and B alleles. The genotype has to be AB. Someone with type O blood does not have either the A or the B allele. The genotype has to be OO.
- Each biological parent shall donate one of their two ABO alleles to their infant. A mother with a blood type O may only transfer an O allele to her son or daughter. A father with a blood type AB could transfer either an A or a B allele to his son or daughter. This couple may have children of either type A (O from mother and A from father) or type B (O from mother and B from father).
The correct Answer is option (C)\[{{I}^{A}}{{I}^{o}}\] and \[{{I}^{B}}{{I}^{o}}\].
Note: It should be obvious from this discussion that the blood type is not a very successful paternity test. In certain cases , it is possible to obtain unmistakable details, i.e. the type AB male can not father the type O infant. In most cases, however, the results are uncertain. If it is important to ascertain the paternity of a child, there is currently a very sensitive DNA test available that can confirm paternity for more than 99.99 per cent or remove anyone as a biological father with utter certainty.
Complete Answer:
- As each of us inherits one blood type allele from our biological mother and one from our biological father, each of us has two ABO blood type alleles. A definition of the allele pair in our DNA is called the genotype.
- As there are three separate alleles, there are a total of six distinct genotypes in the human ABO genetic locus. Various potential genotypes are AA, AO, BB, BO, AB, and OO. A blood test is used to assess if the characteristics of A and/or B are present in a blood sample. It is not possible to ascertain the exact genotype of either type A or type B blood test results.
- If anyone has type A blood, they must have at least one copy of the A allele, but they may have two copies. Its genotype is either AA or AO.Additionally, someone who is type B blood can have either a BB or a BO genotype. A type AB or type O blood test is more informative.
- Somebody with blood type AB must have both the A and B alleles. The genotype has to be AB. Someone with type O blood does not have either the A or the B allele. The genotype has to be OO.
- Each biological parent shall donate one of their two ABO alleles to their infant. A mother with a blood type O may only transfer an O allele to her son or daughter. A father with a blood type AB could transfer either an A or a B allele to his son or daughter. This couple may have children of either type A (O from mother and A from father) or type B (O from mother and B from father).
Mother’s Blood Type | Possible Mother's Genotype | Father’s Blood Type | Possible Father’s Genotype | Possible Child Blood Type |
A | AA, AO | A | AA, AO | A, O |
A | AA, AO | AB | AB | A, AB, B |
A | AA, AO | B | BB, BO | A, AB, B, O |
A | AA, AO | O | OO | A, O |
Mother’s Blood Type | Possible Mother's Genotype | Father’s Blood Type | Possible Father’s Genotype | Possible Child Blood Type |
AB | AB | A | AA, AO | A, AB, B |
AB | AB | AB | AB | A, AB, B |
AB | AB | B | BB, BO | A, AB, B |
AB | AB | O | OO | A, B |
Mother’s Blood Type | Possible Mother's Genotype | Father’s Blood Type | Possible Father’s Genotype | Possible Child Blood Type |
B | BB, BO | A | AA, AO | A, AB, B, O |
B | BB, BO | AB | AB | A, AB, B |
B | BB, BO | B | BB, BO | B, O |
B | BB, BO | O | OO | B, O |
Mother’s Blood Type | Possible Mother's Genotype | Father’s Blood Type | Possible Father’s Genotype | Possible Child Blood Type |
O | OO | A | AA, AO | A, O |
O | OO | AB | AB | A, B |
O | OO | B | BB, BO | B, O |
O | OO | O | OO | O |
The correct Answer is option (C)\[{{I}^{A}}{{I}^{o}}\] and \[{{I}^{B}}{{I}^{o}}\].
Note: It should be obvious from this discussion that the blood type is not a very successful paternity test. In certain cases , it is possible to obtain unmistakable details, i.e. the type AB male can not father the type O infant. In most cases, however, the results are uncertain. If it is important to ascertain the paternity of a child, there is currently a very sensitive DNA test available that can confirm paternity for more than 99.99 per cent or remove anyone as a biological father with utter certainty.
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