Answer
Verified
424.5k+ views
Hint: The liquefaction of gases is made easier if the critical temperature is high, since the gas can be liquified at a wider range of pressure. Also, high inversion temperatures favour liquefaction. Both these temperatures are related to the intermolecular forces of attraction between the gas particles.
Complete step by step answer:
Let us first understand what is critical temperature and liquefaction :
Critical temperature is the temperature above which a substance cannot exist as a liquid, however high the pressure is. Above this temperature, the kinetic energy of the gas particles would be so high that no amount of pressure applied will make them come together in order to get liquified.
Liquefying a gas can occur by two means: either we can keep increasing the pressure so that the gas particles come closer and closer, or we can reduce the temperature so that the velocity of the gas particles get lowered and they come together. Therefore, higher critical temperatures are favoured for liquefaction because then, we wouldn’t need to spend more energy in order to bring down the temperature to the critical temperature.
Inversion temperature is the temperature above which the gas heats up when expanded, and below which it cools down when expanded. Thus, for liquefaction, higher inversion temperatures are favourable since we’re trying to compress the gas into a liquid, and not expand it.
Now, when we compare hydrogen and oxygen, hydrogen is a lighter gas, meaning that it has weaker intermolecular forces than oxygen. As a result, molecules are further apart in hydrogen and hence, have lower critical and inversion temperatures than oxygen.
Therefore, as we have seen from above, liquefaction is made easier for oxygen as it has higher critical and inversion temperatures.
So, the correct answer is Option C.
Note: At low inversion temperatures, when temperature is lower than it, the gas expands on cooling, meaning that it heats up when we try to compress it. This is unfavourable as we want the temperature to also reduce so that it can easily become a liquid. In other words, the gas must be below its inversion temperature in order for the liquefaction to happen easily. Note that the phenomenon which explains this increase/decrease in gases during expansion is known as the Joule-Thompson effect.
Complete step by step answer:
Let us first understand what is critical temperature and liquefaction :
Critical temperature is the temperature above which a substance cannot exist as a liquid, however high the pressure is. Above this temperature, the kinetic energy of the gas particles would be so high that no amount of pressure applied will make them come together in order to get liquified.
Liquefying a gas can occur by two means: either we can keep increasing the pressure so that the gas particles come closer and closer, or we can reduce the temperature so that the velocity of the gas particles get lowered and they come together. Therefore, higher critical temperatures are favoured for liquefaction because then, we wouldn’t need to spend more energy in order to bring down the temperature to the critical temperature.
Inversion temperature is the temperature above which the gas heats up when expanded, and below which it cools down when expanded. Thus, for liquefaction, higher inversion temperatures are favourable since we’re trying to compress the gas into a liquid, and not expand it.
Now, when we compare hydrogen and oxygen, hydrogen is a lighter gas, meaning that it has weaker intermolecular forces than oxygen. As a result, molecules are further apart in hydrogen and hence, have lower critical and inversion temperatures than oxygen.
Therefore, as we have seen from above, liquefaction is made easier for oxygen as it has higher critical and inversion temperatures.
So, the correct answer is Option C.
Note: At low inversion temperatures, when temperature is lower than it, the gas expands on cooling, meaning that it heats up when we try to compress it. This is unfavourable as we want the temperature to also reduce so that it can easily become a liquid. In other words, the gas must be below its inversion temperature in order for the liquefaction to happen easily. Note that the phenomenon which explains this increase/decrease in gases during expansion is known as the Joule-Thompson effect.
Recently Updated Pages
How many sigma and pi bonds are present in HCequiv class 11 chemistry CBSE
Mark and label the given geoinformation on the outline class 11 social science CBSE
When people say No pun intended what does that mea class 8 english CBSE
Name the states which share their boundary with Indias class 9 social science CBSE
Give an account of the Northern Plains of India class 9 social science CBSE
Change the following sentences into negative and interrogative class 10 english CBSE
Trending doubts
Fill the blanks with the suitable prepositions 1 The class 9 english CBSE
Distinguish between Khadar and Bhangar class 9 social science CBSE
Difference between Prokaryotic cell and Eukaryotic class 11 biology CBSE
Differentiate between homogeneous and heterogeneous class 12 chemistry CBSE
Difference Between Plant Cell and Animal Cell
Write a letter to the principal requesting him to grant class 10 english CBSE
Give 10 examples for herbs , shrubs , climbers , creepers
One Metric ton is equal to kg A 10000 B 1000 C 100 class 11 physics CBSE
Change the following sentences into negative and interrogative class 10 english CBSE