Question

Suggest and explain the assisted reproductive techniques which will help a couple to have children, where the female had a blockage in the fallopian tube and the male partner had a low sperm count.

Answer 1

Hint: ART stands for assisted reproductive techniques used to treat infertility. To treat infertility various techniques can be done where sperm and ovum are taken out from the body fertilized in the laboratory and put back on the uterus of the female. This technique is used when a female has a blockage in her fallopian tube or low sperm count in the male ART is necessary.

Complete answer:
The definition of Infertility is like not being able to become pregnant after a year of trying. Another definition of infertility is also if a woman can get pregnant but keeps having miscarriages or stillbirths. A technology called Assisted reproductive technology (ART) is used to treat infertility which includes fertility treatments that handle both a woman's egg and a man's sperm.
A complex series of procedures used to help with fertility or prevent genetic problems and assist with the conception of a child is known as In vitro fertilization (IVF) which is said as the most effective form of ART. It is done using the eggs of the female and her partner's sperm or it may also involve eggs, sperm, or embryos from a known or anonymous donor. Mature eggs are collected from ovaries and fertilized by sperm in a lab during the IVF process. Then those fertilized eggs are transferred to a uterus. Generally, one full cycle of IVF takes about three weeks but sometimes these steps are split into different parts and the process can take longer.
A specialized form of In Vitro Fertilisation (IVF) that is used primarily for the treatment of severe cases of male-factor infertility is Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) which involves a single sperm directly injected into a mature egg. Likely with standard IVF treatment, the female will be given fertility drugs to stimulate ovaries to develop several mature eggs for fertilization. They will be retrieved when your eggs are ready for a collection through a short outpatient procedure and used immediately or frozen to use later. At the same time, the sperms are collected from the semen sample of the male partner and washed, then a single best sperm is chosen. The best sperm selected is injected into the cytoplasm of the egg carefully by using very fine needles. This complete procedure of fertilization is carried out under a very powerful microscope. Then the fertilized eggs are then placed in the incubator which begins to show signs of fertilization after 24 hrs. They continue to divide and form an embryo. The embryo is ready to be transferred to the uterus after the embryo is 3 days old having 8 cells or the transfer may be done on day 5 and is called a Blastocyst transfer.

Note: The aim of the assisted reproductive technology (ART) should be the provision of safe, efficient, and affordable care to optimize the chances of having singleton pregnancies and the delivery of healthy babies. Recently ART has focused on the achievement of this goal through biochemical and genetic research.