Question

The father of ATP cycle is
A. White
B. Lipmann
C. Pasteur
D. Buchner

Answer 1

Hint:He is an American biochemist and received Nobel Prize in 1953 for the physiology or medicine for the discovery of coenzyme A.

Complete answer:
Adenosine triphosphate, or ATP, is a compact and relatively basic compound. It can be thought of as the main energy currency of cells, just as money is the main economic currency of human societies. The energy produced by ATP hydrolysis (breakdown) is used to produce many energy-requiring cellular reactions.
ATP extracts tiny packets of energy from the cell's food-fired power plants and transports the energy to where it is required. Any energy in ATP is released for operation, such as shifting muscles or pushing a seedling out of the earth. At all times, ATP provides its energy to a non-spontaneous synthetic reaction, such as the formation of sucrose. ATP is used to fill the energy difference between energy-requiring reactions and energy-releasing reactions. As a molecule of fatty acid is burnt, the energy is released. Any of this energy is trapped in ATP molecules, and some is lost in the form of heat. Each ATP molecule can then be transferred to other areas of the cell and used where appropriate. The energy-carrying part of the ATP molecule is the "tail" triphosphate. Three groups of phosphates are joined by covalent bonds. The electrons in these bonds are holding electricity. Energy is used in cell power plants to bind one molecule of inorganic phosphate (P) to an adenosine diphosphate (ADP) molecule. The last phosphate group in the tail is broken off at the energy-requiring site and the energy in the bond is released. The ADP and the phosphate are able to return to the power plant and be reconnected. In this way, ATP and ADP are continuously being recycled.
Karl Lohmann discovered ATP. Fritz Lipmann (1941) discovered its functionality through the creation and hydrolysis of a high-energy phosphate bond. Lipmann is considered the 'father of the ATP cycle'.
Pasteur is known as the father of microbiology.

Thus, the correct answer is option B. i.e., Lipmann.

Note:Structurally, ATP is an RNA nucleotide that holds a sequence of three phosphates. Five-carbon sugar, ribose, which is bound to the nitrogen base adenine and to the chain of three phosphates, lies at the middle of the molecule.