Question

The impact of loss of biodiversity include
A. decline in plant production
B. lowered resistance to environmental perturbations
C. increased variability in ecosystem processes like plant productivity, water use, pest and disease cycles
D. all of these

Answer 1

Hint: The term biodiversity refers to the amount of diversity between different plants, animals and other species in a given habitat at a particular time.

Complete answer:
-Biodiversity is typically a measure of variation at the genetic, species, and ecosystem level.
A rapid environment change typically causes mass extinctions.
-A decline in plant production will be a loss of biodiversity that will affect the ecosystem on earth.
-A low resistance to environmental perturbations will eventually make a species less adaptable to a given environment and finally loss of biodiversity.
-The increased variability in ecosystem processes like plant productivity, water use, pest and disease cycles will lead to high mortality and loss of biodiversity.

 So, the answer is D. All of the above

Additional information:
-Terrestrial biodiversity is usually greater near the equator, which is the result of the warm climate and high primary productivity.
- Biodiversity is not evenly distributed on Earth and is richest in the tropics.
-The tropical forest ecosystems cover less than 10 % of earth's surface, and contain about 90 percent of the world's species making it rich in biodiversity.
- Marine biodiversity is usually highest along coasts in the Western Pacific, where sea surface temperature is highest, and in the mid-latitudinal band in all oceans.
- There are latitudinal gradients in species diversity.

Note:
-Biodiversity loss disrupts the functioning of ecosystems, making them more vulnerable to perturbations and less able to supply humans with needed services.
-“Biodiversity” is most commonly used to replace the prior terms, species diversity and species richness with one single word.