Question

Those substance which can be separated by steam distillation are-
a.) Steam volatile and insoluble in water
b.) Steam volatile and soluble in water
c.) Steam volatile and sparingly soluble in water
d.) In liquid form in steam and solid form in water

Answer 1

Hint: Steam distillation is a method of separation composed of water and other volatile materials. The steam from the boiling water carries the volatile vapor, whether drained and restored to a liquid or solid condition, to a condenser, while the non-volatile compounds are retained in the boiling bath.

Complete step-by-step answer:
In the case of fluids which are not miscible with water, a separate step after condensation spontaneously develops that enables them to be disassembled with a separating trunk. During this case a Clevenger unit should be used in order, as the distillation takes place, to transfer the distilled water to the boiling flask. The diluted mixture may either be extracted by partial distillation or by some other technique of separation.
Growing material is vaporized below its hot spot, and it can be diluted by capturing and condensing the vapors in principle at any time. Natural distillation under the boiling point is impossible as over the solvent a film is made of vapor-rich air and evaporation occurs as soon as the partial pressure of the vapor approaches the gas level. The vapor will then fluctuate simply by diffusion to the condenser, which is quite long. The boiling of the starting substance usually contributes to simple distillate and as the vapor pressure reaches the ambient pressure, the already vapor-rich state of air is interrupted and the vapor movement from the boiling flask to the condenser becomes important and steady.
Hence, option B is the correct option.

Note: Steam distillation was once a common process for cleaning organic compounds, but in many such applications vacuum distillation and supercritical fluid extraction have been substituted. Yet in certain industrial sectors, it is much simpler and more economical than these alternatives and is still relevant.