Answer
Verified
438k+ views
Hint: A carbon atom with four bonds and bond angle of approximately ${109.5^o}$ is tetrahedral geometry. But when bond angle is different from ${109.5^o}$ i.e., less than this angle then it is called distorted tetrahedral geometry.
This is due to repulsion between the bond pair and lone pair of electron.
Complete step by step answer:
Let us discuss the geometry of each molecule one by one.
(1) $CHC{l_3}$ chloroform: The molecular shape of $CHC{l_3}$ is tetrahedral. It means that H-atoms and three Cl-atoms. The vertices of a triangular based pyramid around the central C-atom.
This is because polar covalent bonds are asymmetrically arranged around the central atom of a molecule.
The geometry of molecules is not regular because the dipole moment of $CHC{l_3}$ is not zero.
$CHC{l_3}$ has maximum dipole moment because in tetrahedral structure all Cl-atoms will be at bottom and add to individual dipoles.
(2) $C{H_4}$: $C{H_4}$ molecules have regular tetrahedral geometry due H-atoms present and regular tetrahedron structure.
$Si{H_4}$: Molecular geometry of this molecule is also regular tetrahedral. Because it is surrounded by the same atoms i.e., H-atoms.
Therefore, the same symmetric charge distribution around $Si$atom and molecule is non-polar.
$CC{l_4}$: This has regular geometry because of the same atoms surrounding the C-atom.
Therefore, the dipole moment of the molecule is zero.
Therefore, from the above explanation the correct option is (D) $CHC{l_3}.$
Note:
Molecules show regular tetrahedral geometry when the central atom is surrounded by the same atoms. The resulting dipole moment becomes zero.
But when central atoms surrounded by different atoms [differ in their electronegativity] have dipole moment and therefore their geometry is distorted.
This is due to repulsion between the bond pair and lone pair of electron.
Complete step by step answer:
Let us discuss the geometry of each molecule one by one.
(1) $CHC{l_3}$ chloroform: The molecular shape of $CHC{l_3}$ is tetrahedral. It means that H-atoms and three Cl-atoms. The vertices of a triangular based pyramid around the central C-atom.
This is because polar covalent bonds are asymmetrically arranged around the central atom of a molecule.
The geometry of molecules is not regular because the dipole moment of $CHC{l_3}$ is not zero.
$CHC{l_3}$ has maximum dipole moment because in tetrahedral structure all Cl-atoms will be at bottom and add to individual dipoles.
(2) $C{H_4}$: $C{H_4}$ molecules have regular tetrahedral geometry due H-atoms present and regular tetrahedron structure.
$Si{H_4}$: Molecular geometry of this molecule is also regular tetrahedral. Because it is surrounded by the same atoms i.e., H-atoms.
Therefore, the same symmetric charge distribution around $Si$atom and molecule is non-polar.
$CC{l_4}$: This has regular geometry because of the same atoms surrounding the C-atom.
Therefore, the dipole moment of the molecule is zero.
Therefore, from the above explanation the correct option is (D) $CHC{l_3}.$
Note:
Molecules show regular tetrahedral geometry when the central atom is surrounded by the same atoms. The resulting dipole moment becomes zero.
But when central atoms surrounded by different atoms [differ in their electronegativity] have dipole moment and therefore their geometry is distorted.
Recently Updated Pages
Identify the feminine gender noun from the given sentence class 10 english CBSE
Your club organized a blood donation camp in your city class 10 english CBSE
Choose the correct meaning of the idiomphrase from class 10 english CBSE
Identify the neuter gender noun from the given sentence class 10 english CBSE
Choose the word which best expresses the meaning of class 10 english CBSE
Choose the word which is closest to the opposite in class 10 english CBSE
Trending doubts
Which are the Top 10 Largest Countries of the World?
Fill the blanks with the suitable prepositions 1 The class 9 english CBSE
How do you graph the function fx 4x class 9 maths CBSE
Give 10 examples for herbs , shrubs , climbers , creepers
Change the following sentences into negative and interrogative class 10 english CBSE
Difference between Prokaryotic cell and Eukaryotic class 11 biology CBSE
The Equation xxx + 2 is Satisfied when x is Equal to Class 10 Maths
Write a letter to the principal requesting him to grant class 10 english CBSE
What organs are located on the left side of your body class 11 biology CBSE