Question

Which one of the following types of drugs reduces fever?
A) Tranquilizer
B) Antibiotic
C) Antipyretic
D) Analgesic

Answer 1

Hint:Drugs are substances that affect our brain, how you feel and behave and even your understanding and senses. Different drugs show different effects.For example: for acidity in stomach Antacids are used.

Complete answer:
>“Antipyretic “are the chemicals used as medicines to lower the high temperature of the body during fever but have no effect on normal temperature states.
>Commonly used antipyretics are – paracetamol or crocin, phenacetin, methacetin, aspirin, etc.The central nervous system of our body, particularly the hypothalamus, plays an important role in maintaining the balance between the heat production and heat loss in order to regulate the body temperature. Thus, hypothalamus is known as the thermostat of our body.
>The antipyretic drugs help to reset the body thermostat at normal temperature, by increased peripheral blood flow, which increases the rate of respiration and thus lowers the body temperature.
>The chemical substances which are produced by microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, moulds are called “Antibiotics”. These substances are capable of inhibiting the growth of or even destroying other harmful microorganisms, at low concentration.Examples are- Penicillin, Streptomycin, Chloramphenicol, etc.
>“Tranquilizers” are a type of chemical compounds commonly used for the treatment of stress, mild and severe mental diseases. These compounds are helpful to relieve anxiety, stress, irritability or excitement by inducing a sense of well- being.
>The tranquilizers are of various types which function by different mechanisms. Tranquilizers can be classified in two main categories: (a) Sedatives and (b) Antidepressants (mood elevators or pep pills).
>“Analgesics” are the chemical substances used for the purpose of medicines to reduce or disappear pain without causing impairment of consciousness, mental confusion, incoordination or paralysis or some other disturbance of the nervous system.

Hence, the correct answer is option (C).

Note:Drugs in general can be divided into following two types:-
(i) Pharmacodynamic agents : These drugs are designed to have pharmacodynamic effects in the recipient.
(ii) Chemotherapeutic agents : These drugs are made to inhibit/kill invading parasite/malignant cells and have no/minimal pharmacodynamics effect in the recipient.