Question

Write the name of the pathogen of typhoid. Explain the life cycle of malarial parasites with the help of a labelled diagram.

Answer 1

Hint: Malarial parasite is a protozoan. The life cycle includes two obligate parasites, one acting as a carrier and the other one as the host.

Complete step by step answer:
-The protozoan parasite which causes the disease malaria is a Plasmodium.
-Different types of malaria are caused by different species of Plasmodium.
-The most serious and fatal type of malaria is caused by Plasmodium falciparum.
-Malarial parasites require two hosts to complete its life cycle, those are the female Anopheles mosquito and human.
-The female Anopheles mosquito acts as a vector which transmits the disease to human beings.
The life cycle of the malarial parasite is as follows:
-When the female Anopheles mosquito bites a human, the sporozoites of the plasmodium enters the bloodstream of the person.
-The parasite first enters into the liver cells and multiplies within the liver cells.
-It then enters the bloodstream as merozoites.
-These attacks the RBC, which results in the rupture of RBC, along with the release of a toxic substance, called as hemozoin, which is responsible for the chill and high fever recurring every three to four days.
-When the female Anopheles mosquito bites an infected person, the parasite enters the mosquito body and undergoes further development in its body.
-These parasites develop into a sporozoite and are then stored in the salivary glands of the mosquito.

Note:
The sexual stage of the plasmodium occurs in the mosquito and the vegetative stage occurs in humans.