Question

Write the structure of IUPAC name: 2-Methylpentane-2,4-diol

Answer 1

Hint: The given compound has two alcoholic functional groups present on the second and fourth carbon atoms. Along with a methyl group present on second carbon atoms along with an alcoholic group. We knew that when functional groups are present on a compound then the naming for nomenclature is done in a way that the functional group with more priority gets the lowest number.

Complete answer:
The given compound is: 2-Methylpentane-2,4-diol.
Pentane in the name suggests that the carbon chain has five carbons. And on the second carbon atom their two substituted groups present. They are methyl group and alcoholic group. And on fourth carbon an alcoholic group is present.
Draw a carbon chain with five carbon atoms and on the second carbon which is dis-substituted add methyl group with one valency and an alcoholic group with another valency of carbon.

As di-substituted carbons are on a higher priority than mono-substituted carbon. The numbering of the carbon chain is done such that the carbon with two functional groups is numbered first.
Now the fourth carbon atom has an alcoholic group attached to it through one of its valencies.
Thus, the complete structure of the given IUPAC nomenclature 2-Methylpentane-2,4-diol is:

Note:
The first rule of nomenclature, selecting the longest carbon chain should be followed, as it decreases the chances of getting the structure wrong. And by seeing the name of the compound we can guess the number of carbon atoms it has according to how it draws that much carbon first. And then according to the priority of functional groups replace the hydrogen with them to obtain the desired structure.