Indian Freedom Movement

General Knowledge

Indian Freedom Movement

Reviewed by:

Nafeez Khan

Timeline Of Indian Freedom Movement

The Indian freedom movement, also called the Indian independence movement, was the culmination of a sequence of historic events aimed at eliminating British control in India. From 1857 through 1947, the movement was active. Bengal was the birthplace of the first patriotic revolutionary movement for Indian independence. It eventually found a home in the newly established Indian National Congress, where important moderate politicians demanded merely their fundamental right to sit for Indian Civil Service examinations in British India, as well as additional rights for the people of the land. Leaders such as the Lal Bal Pal trio, Aurobindo Ghosh, and V. O. Chidambaram Pillai supported a more radical approach to political self-rule in the early twentieth century. The important events of the Indian freedom struggle 1857 to 1947 spanned for 90 years. Hence the article aims to give a timeline of the Indian freedom movement from 1857 to 1947 and the list of freedom movements of India.

(Image will be Uploaded Soon)

Indian Freedom History

While the Sepoy Mutiny, led by Mangal Pandey, a British army soldier, is regarded as the 'First War of Independence,' the fight gained momentum during World War I, spearheaded by M. K. Gandhi launched his first campaign of civil disobedience or 'Asahyog' movement against the British in February 1919 year, following the Champaran Satyagraha in the 1917 year and the Mahatma Gandhi Satyagraha in the 1918 year. Then came the Quit India Movement in 1942, when India was resolved to drive the British out of the country. On July 4, 1947, the Indian Independence Bill was tabled in the British House of Commons and passed within a fortnight. Hence the timeline of Indian history from 1857 to 1947. The Bill opened the ground for India's independence from British rule, and with the split of India and Pakistan, India became a free country. On 15 August 1947, India's first Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru, unfurled the Indian national flag over the Lahori Gate of the Red Fort in Delhi state.

List of Freedom Movement of India

Years	Indian independence timeline
1857	Revolt Of 1857, Sepoy Mutiny, began in Meerut, spread to Kanpur, Agra, Delhi & Lucknow.
1885	The Indian National Congress was founded. On the 28th of December, 72 delegates attended the first session in Bombay. Lord Randolph Churchill is nominated as India's Secretary of State.
1905	Curzon announced the partition of Bengal.
1906	Indian Standard Time is officially adopted by British India. In South Africa, Mahatma Gandhi used the word Satyagraha to describe the nonviolent campaign. Agra Khan, Nawab of Dacca, Aga Khan, Nawab of Dacca, and Nawab Mohsin-ul-Mulk formed the Muslim League in Dacca.
1907	At the Surat session, Congress broke into two factions: moderates and extremists. During rioting in Punjab's canal colony, Lala Lajpat Rai and Ajit Sigh were deported to Mandalay.
1908	Khudiram Bose was executed. Tilak was sentenced to six years in jail for sedition.
1909	The Morley-Minto Reforms, also known as the Indian Council Act of 1909, were enacted.
1911	The capital of India was relocated from Calcutta to the state of Delhi.
1912	Rashbehari Bose and Sachindra Sanyal threw a bomb at Lord Hardinge in Chandini Chowk, Delhi.
1913	The Ghadar party was founded in San Francisco to organise a revolt in India to overthrow British authority.
1914	The First World War began.
1915	Mahatma Gandhi's return from South Africa.
1916	In Ahmedabad, Gandhiji established the Sabarmati Ashram. Tilak created the Home Rule League, which has its headquarters in Poona (the Indian home rule league of India). Annie Besant founded yet another Home Rule League. Madan Mohan Malaviya, Lucknow portion, founded Banaras Hindu University.
1917	The Champaran Satyagraha was started by Mahatma Gandhi. The Secretary of State for India, Montague, says that the British government's objective in India is to establish responsible governance.
1918	It was the first all-India Depressed Class convention. The Rowlatt (sedition) committee presents its findings. On February 16, 1919, the Rowlatt Bill was introduced.
1919	Anti-Rowlatt Satyagraha: On February 24, 1919, M. K. Gandhi launched a campaign against the Rowlatt law and established the Satyagraha Sabha in Bombay. During this protest, M.K. Gandhi said, “My true belief is that we will only be saved by suffering, not via reforms imposed on us by the English, who use physical power while we use spiritual force”. The tragedy of Jallianwala Bagh and the Great Amritsar Massacre The Government of India Act, 1919, was announced by Montague Chelmsford.
1920	Lala Lajpat Rai presided over the first meeting of the All Indian Trade Union Congress (AITUC) in Bombay. The Indian National Congress (INC) passes a resolution on non-cooperation.
1921	The Permanent Advisory Council of Princes was established, as well as the Council of State and Legislative Assembly. In India, the Prince of Wales, later King Edward VIII, arrives. There is a lot of commotion when he arrives in Bombay. (The agitation was non-violent.) He was met with deserted streets. T K Madhavan met M. K. Gandhi at Tirunelveli to discuss the Vaikom Satyagraha, a Hindu society's fight against untouchability.
1922	The non-cooperation campaign was suspended after the Chauri Chauri incident. Second Moplah revolt, Kerala's Malabar coast. Rabindranath Tagore founded Vishwa Bharati University.
1923	Motilal Nehru and others founded the Swarajist party.
1925	Deshbandhu Chittaranjan Das died. Revolutionaries' Kakori Conspiracy Case
1927	The Simon Commission is appointed.
1928	The Nehru Report is a proposal for a new Indian constitution.
1929	Under Jinnah's leadership, the All Parties Muslim Conference develops the "fourteen points." To protest the Public Safety Bill, Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt detonate a bomb in the Central Legislative Assembly. After a 64-day fast, Jatin Das dies in Jain. The statement by Lord Irwin that the objective of British policy in India was to give dominion status. Jawaharlal Nehru's Congress session in Lahore endorses the objective of total independence (Poorna Swaraj) for India.
1930	On the banks of the Ravi in Lahore, Jawaharlal Nehru hoists the Indian tricolour. The first American Independence Day is celebrated. With his epic Dandi march, the INC Working Committee met in Sabarmati and passed the Civil Disobedience Movement. With his historic Dandi march, Mahatma Gandhi launches the Civil Disobedience Movement. In London, the first round table discussion to discuss the Simon Commission's report on India's future constitutional structure begins.
1931	The Gandhi-Irwin deal has been signed. The civil disobedience effort has been put on hold. Bhagat Singh, Sukh Dev, and Raj Guru were the assassins (in Lahore Case). The second Round Table meeting has begun. To attend, Mahatma Gandhi travels to London.
1932	Ramsay Mac Donald, the British Prime Minister, introduces the Communal Awards, which grant Harijans distinct electorates in exchange for reserved seats. Gandhi's death-defying fast. The Harijans are given reserved seats instead of a distinct electorate under the Poona agreement.
1935	The Government of India Act has been passed
1937	Elections were conducted in India under the 1935 Act. In seven provinces, the Indian National Congress elects ministers.
1938	The Indian National Congress held its Haripura session. Subhash Chandra Bose was elected president of Congress.
1939	The Indian National Congress had a session at Tripuri. The Indian National Congress's president, Subhas Chandra Bose, resigns. The Second World War starts. The Viceroy proclaims that India is at war as well. The provinces' Congress ministries quit in protest of the British government's war policies. The Muslim League celebrates the day when the congress ministers resigned as Deliverance Day.
1940	The Muslim League's Lahore assembly passes the Pakistan Resolution. The August offer was announced by Viceroy Linlithgow. Individual Satyagraha is launched by Congress.
1941	Rabindranath Tagore died. Subhas Chandra Bose flees to Germany from India.
1942	The Cripps Mission is announced by Churchill. The suggestions of the Cripps mission are rejected by Congress. The AICC's Bombay session passed the Quit India resolution, which sparked a historic civil disobedience movement across India. Indira Nehru, the daughter of Jawaharlal Nehru, marries Feroze Gandhi, a Parsi lawyer and rebel, despite her father's wishes. British troops arrest Indian politician Mohandas Gandhi in Bombay. Indira Gandhi and Feroze Gandhi, a newlywed couple, are imprisoned for their involvement in the Quit India movement. 40,000 people died in Bombay as a result of the hurricane and floods. During World War II, the Indian National Army was an armed organisation established by Indian nationalists (Mohan Singh) in Southeast Asia.
1943	In Singapore, Subhas Chandra Bose declares the creation of the "Provisional Government of Free India" over the leadership of the Indian National Congress. The Muslim League's Karachi session adopts the motto "Divide and Quit." The Port of Kolkata is attacked by the Japanese. Kushal Konwar, President of the Indian National Congress in Golaghat, was the first victim of the Quit India Movement.
1944	Wavell convenes seminars at Simla in an attempt to assemble an executive council of Indian political leaders.
1946	British and Indian air force units revolted in the Royal Air Force in 1946. The Cabinet Mission was announced by British Prime Minister Attlee. Nehru is invited to form an interim administration by Wavell. The Constituent Assembly's First Session. Nehru is chosen as the Congress Party's leader. For the first time, India's Constituent Assembly meets.
1947	The British administration would depart India by June 1948, according to British Prime Minister Clement Attlee. The final British viceroy and governor-general of India, Lord Mountbatten, is sworn in. The Mountbatten Plan for India's division was announced. The British parliament passed the Indian Independence Bill on July 18, 1947, after it was tabled in the House of Commons. In India and Pakistan, a war breaks out. Forces in Kashmir that are administered by the Kashmir government. Junagadh became a part of the Dominion of India. Air India is expanding internationally. Indians were granted independence. Jawaharlal Nehru becomes India's first Prime Minister, and the Indian tricolour is unfurled on the Red Fort's walls, symbolically signalling the end of British colonial authority.

FAQs on Indian Freedom Movement

1. What are the national important events of the Indian freedom struggle 1857 to 1947?

Here is a list of national movements in India from 1857 to 1947

Indian National Congress Founded- 28 December 1885.
Swadeshi and Boycott Resolution- 1905.
Muslim League Founded- 1906.
Gadhar Movement-1913.
Home Rule Movement– April 1916.
Champaran Satyagraha – 1917.
Kheda Satyagraha – 1917.
Ahmedabad Mill Strike – 1918.

2. What are the 5 most important timeline of Indian freedom struggle that was made before independence?

A list of movements in India before independence is given below,

Swadeshi Movement.
Satyagraha Movement.
Khilafat Movement.
Non-Co-operation Movement.
Protests Against the Rowlatt Act.

3. What is the year of the chronology of modern Indian?

The year of the chronology of modern Indian history from 1885 to 1947.