NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Physics

Chapter 1- Units and Measurement

This chapter will clarify your concepts about what is a unit, base units, derived units, system of units, and much more. It will immensely help you to understand what is the need and value of the international system of units and how they are decided. Various methods such as the parallax method, parallax angle, and other methods to measure length and mass. This chapter also includes the Measurement of time, The precision of instruments and errors in measurement, Significant figures, Dimensions of physical quantities, Dimensional formulae, and dimensional equations.

Class 11 NCERT solutions help the students to go through the formulas and concepts easily. Here find the Important formulas of  Chapter 1 - Units and Measurement to crack your exams.

Dimensional Formula:

• Any physical quantity Q can be expressed as: $[Q] = M^a L^b T^c I^d$

Significant Figures:

• The number of digits in a measurement that is known reliably plus the first uncertain digit.

• Rules for Significant Figures:

• Non-zero digits are always significant.

• Any zeros between significant digits are significant.

• Leading zeros are not significant.

• Trailing zeros in a number containing a decimal point are significant.

Errors in Measurement:

• Absolute Error: $\Delta a = |a_{\text{mean}} - a_i|$

• Relative Error (or Fractional Error): $\delta a = \dfrac{\Delta a}{a_{\text{mean}}}$

• Percentage Error: $\text{Percentage Error} = \delta a \times 100\%$

• Sum or Difference: $\Delta Z = \Delta A + \Delta B$

• Product or Quotient: $\dfrac{\Delta Z}{Z} = \dfrac{\Delta A}{A} + \dfrac{\Delta B}{B}$

• Power: $\dfrac{\Delta Z}{Z} = n \dfrac{\Delta A}{A}$

Students can access extra study materials on the Units and Measurement, These resources are available for download, offering additional support for your studies.

Important Study Material Links for Class 11 Physics Chapter 1

Chapter 2 - Motion in a Straight Line

This chapter is a part of the Kinematics and is a very interesting one. In the chapter, motion in a straight line, you will learn about the frame of reference, reference point, what is called path length, the magnitude of displacement, relative and velocity, instantaneous velocity, acceleration, retardation, etc. This chapter includes Position, path length, and displacement, Average velocity and average speed, Kinematic equations for uniformly accelerated motion, and Relative Velocity.

Class 11 NCERT solutions help the students to go through the formulas and concepts easily. Here find the Important formulas of Chapter 2 - Motion in a Straight Line to crack your exams.

• Displacement: A vector quantity representing the change in position of an object. It has both magnitude and direction.
  $\Delta x = x_2 - x_1$

• Average Velocity: $v_{\text{avg}} = \dfrac{\Delta x}{\Delta t}$

• Instantaneous Velocity: $v = \dfrac{dx}{dt}$

• Average Acceleration: $a_{\text{avg}} = \dfrac{\Delta v}{\Delta t}$

• Instantaneous Acceleration: $a = \dfrac{dv}{dt}$

• First Equation: $v = u + at$

• Second Equation: $s = ut + \dfrac{1}{2} at^2$

• Third Equation: $v^2 = u^2 + 2as$

• Uniform Motion: Motion with constant velocity (zero acceleration). The object covers equal distances in equal intervals of time.

• Non-uniform Motion: Motion with variable velocity (non-zero acceleration). The object covers unequal distances in equal intervals of time.

Students can access extra study materials on the Motion in a Straight Line, These resources are available for download, offering additional support for your studies.

Important Study Material Links for Class 11 Physics Chapter 2

Chapter 3 - Motion in a Plane

In this chapter, you will learn how to measure motion in a plane and what are scalar and vector quantities. Topics like Position and displacement vectors, equality of vectors, and addition and subtraction of vectors through a graphical method are some of the primary topics explained in this chapter. This chapter includes the Multiplication of vectors by real numbers, the Resolution of vectors, Vector addition — analytical method, Motion in a plane, Relative velocity in two dimensions, Projectile motion, and Uniform circular motion.

Class 11 NCERT solutions help the students to go through the formulas and concepts easily. Here find the Important formulas of Chapter 3 - Motion in a Plane to crack your exams.

• Position Vector: $\mathbf{r} = x \hat{i} + y \hat{j} + z \hat{k}$

• Velocity Vector: $\mathbf{v} = \dfrac{d\mathbf{r}}{dt} = v_x \hat{i} + v_y \hat{j} + v_z \hat{k}$

• Acceleration Vector: $\mathbf{a} = \dfrac{d\mathbf{v}}{dt} = a_x \hat{i} + a_y \hat{j} + a_z \hat{k}$

• Projectile Motion:

• Horizontal Range: $R = \dfrac{v_0^2 \sin 2\theta}{g}$

• Time of Flight: $T = \dfrac{2 v_0 \sin \theta}{g}$

• Maximum Height: $H = \dfrac{v_0^2 \sin^2 \theta}{2g}$

• Equation of Trajectory: $y = x \tan \theta - \dfrac{g x^2}{2 v_0^2 \cos^2 \theta}$

• Uniform Circular Motion:

• Centripetal Acceleration: $a_c = \dfrac{v^2}{r}$

• Centripetal Force: $F_c = m \dfrac{v^2}{r}$

• Addition of Vectors:

• Resultant Vector: $\mathbf{R} = \mathbf{A} + \mathbf{B}$

• Magnitude of Resultant Vector: $R = \sqrt{A^2 + B^2 + 2AB \cos \theta}$

• Direction of Resultant Vector: $\tan \alpha = \dfrac{B \sin \theta}{A + B \cos \theta}$

Students can access extra study materials on the  Motion in a Plane, These resources are available for download, offering additional support for your studies.

Important Study Material Links for Class 11 Physics Chapter 3

Chapter 4 - Law of Motion

This chapter includes Aristotle’s fallacy, The law of inertia, Newton’s first law of motion, Newton’s second law of motion, Newton’s third law of motion, Conservation of momentum, Equilibrium of a particle, Common forces in mechanics, and Circular motion. Class 11 NCERT solutions help the students to go through the formulas and concepts easily. Here find the Important formulas of  Chapter 4 - Law of Motion to crack your exams.

• Newton's First Law (Law of Inertia): An object will remain at rest or in uniform motion unless acted upon by an external force

• Newton's Second Law: $\mathbf{F} = m \mathbf{a}$

• Newton's Third Law: For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
  $\mathbf{F}_{12} = -\mathbf{F}_{21}$

• Force due to Gravity: $F = mg$ 

• Frictional Force:

• Static Friction: $f_s \leq \mu_s N$

• Kinetic Friction: $f_k = \mu_k N$

• Tension in a String: For a string with a mass m hanging under gravity:
  $T = mg$

• Normal Force:

• On a horizontal surface: $N = mg$

• On an inclined plane: $N = mg \cos \theta$

• Centripetal Force: $F_c = \dfrac{mv^2}{r}$

Students can access extra study materials on the Law of Motion These resources are available for download, offering additional support for your studies.

Important Study Material Links for Class 11 Physics Chapter 4

Chapter 5 - Work, Energy and Power

You will also get to know the Scalar product and its distributive laws taught in this chapter which is the foundation for further complex concepts. This chapter includes  Notions of work and kinetic energy: The work-energy theorem, Kinetic energy, Work done by a variable force, The work-energy theorem for a variable force, The concept of potential energy, The conservation of mechanical energy, The potential energy of a spring, Various forms of energy, Power, and Collisions.

Class 11 NCERT solutions help the students to go through the formulas and concepts easily. Here find the Important formulas of Chapter 5 - Work, Energy and Power to crack your exams.

• Newton's First Law (Law of Inertia): An object will remain at rest or in uniform motion unless acted upon by an external force.

• Newton's Second Law: $\mathbf{F} = m \mathbf{a}$

• Newton's Third Law: For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
  $\mathbf{F}_{12} = -\mathbf{F}_{21}$

• Force due to Gravity: $F = mg$

• Kinetic Friction: $f_k = \mu_k N$

• Tension in a String: $T = mg$

• Normal Force:

• On a horizontal surface: $N = mg$

• On an inclined plane: $N = mg \cos \theta$

• Centripetal Force: $F_c = \dfrac{mv^2}{r}$

• Work-Energy Theorem: $W = \Delta K = \dfrac{1}{2}mv_f^2 - \dfrac{1}{2}mv_i^2$

• Impulse: $J = \Delta p = F \Delta t$

Students can access extra study materials on Work, Energy and Power These resources are available for download, offering additional support for your studies.

Important Study Material Links for Class 11 Physics Chapter 5

Chapter 6 - Systems of Particles and Rotational Motion

This chapter explains the theoretical and mathematical parts of the concepts. The chapter includes concepts of the Centre of mass and its motion, Linear momentum of a system of particles, Vector product of two vectors, Angular velocity - Its relation with linear velocity, Torque, and angular momentum, Equilibrium of a rigid body, Moment of inertia

Theorems of perpendicular and parallel axes, Kinematics of rotational motion about a fixed axis, Angular momentum in case of rotation about a fixed axis, and Rolling motion.

Class 11 NCERT solutions help the students to go through the formulas and concepts easily. Here find the Important formulas of  Chapter 6 - Systems of Particles and Rotational Motion to crack your exams.

• Center of Mass:

• For a system of particles: $\mathbf{R} = \dfrac{\sum m_i \mathbf{r}_i}{\sum m_i}$

• For a continuous body: $\mathbf{R} = \dfrac{1}{M} \int \mathbf{r} \, dm$

• Moment of Inertia: $I = \sum m_i r_i^2$

• Parallel Axis Theorem: $I = I_{\text{cm}} + Md^2$

• Perpendicular Axis Theorem: $I_z = I_x + I_y$

Students can access extra study materials on Systems of Particles and Rotational Motion, These resources are available for download, offering additional support for your studies.

Important Study Material Links for Class 11 Physics Chapter 6

Chapter 7 - Gravitation

Chapter 7 of Class 11 Physics, Gravitation, takes you into the depths of the concept of Gravitation. In this chapter, you will get a good grip on the technical basis of gravitation, the Universal law of gravitation, Kepler’s laws, Acceleration due to gravity of the earth, Acceleration due to gravity below and above the surface of the earth, the gravitational constant, Gravitational potential energy, Earth satellites, Escape speed, Energy of an orbiting satellite, Geostationary, and polar satellites and Weightlessness.

Class 11 NCERT solutions help the students to go through the formulas and concepts easily. Here find the Important formulas of  Chapter 7 - Gravitation to crack your exams.

• Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation: $F = G \dfrac{m_1 m_2}{r^2}$

• Gravitational Field Strength: $g = \dfrac{F}{m} = G \dfrac{M}{r^2}$

• Gravitational Potential Energy: $U = -G \dfrac{m_1 m_2}{r}$

• Gravitational Potential: $V = -G \dfrac{M}{r}$

• Escape Velocity: $v_e = \sqrt{\dfrac{2GM}{R}}$

• Orbital Velocity: $v_o = \sqrt{\dfrac{GM}{r}}$

• Acceleration due to Gravity at a Height hhh above the Earth's Surface: $g_h = g \left( \dfrac{R}{R + h} \right)^2$

• Total Energy of a Satellite in Orbit: $E = -\dfrac{GMm}{2r}$

Students can access extra study materials on Gravitation, These resources are available for download, offering additional support for your studies.

Important Study Material Links for Class 11 Physics Chapter 7

Chapter 8 - Mechanical Properties of Solids

In the Mechanical properties of solids, you will study the physical properties of solids, such as plasticity, elasticity, and others. The fundamental properties of solids are readily available to learn in this chapter. Stress, compressive stress, tensile stress, longitudinal stress, tangential or shearing stress, shearing strain hydraulic stress, and volume strain are some of the concepts that will build the foundation for learning the properties of solids.

Class 11 NCERT solutions help the students to go through the formulas and concepts easily. Here find the Important formulas of Chapter 8 - Mechanical Properties of Solids to crack your exams.

• Stress:

• Tensile Stress: $\sigma = \dfrac{F}{A}$

• Strain:

• Longitudinal Strain: $\epsilon = \dfrac{\Delta L}{L}$

• Hooke's Law: $\sigma = E \epsilon$

• Young's Modulus: $E = \dfrac{\sigma}{\epsilon} = \dfrac{FL}{A \Delta L}$

• Shear Stress: $\tau = \dfrac{F}{A}$

• Shear Modulus (Modulus of Rigidity): $G = \dfrac{\tau}{\gamma}$

• Bulk Modulus: $K = -\dfrac{P}{\Delta V / V}$

Students can access extra study materials on the Mechanical Properties of Solids, These resources are available for download, offering additional support for your studies.

Important Study Material Links for Class 11 Physics Chapter 8

Chapter 9 - Mechanical Properties of Fluids

In this chapter, you will study some common physical properties of liquids and gases. This chapter includes concepts of Pressure, Streamline flow, Bernoulli’s principle, Viscosity, and Surface tension. Class 11 NCERT solutions help the students to go through the formulas and concepts easily. Here find the Important formulas of  Chapter 9 - Mechanical Properties of Fluids to crack your exams.

• Density: $\rho = \dfrac{m}{V}$

• Pressure: $P = \dfrac{F}{A}$

• Pascal's Law: The pressure applied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted undiminished to every portion of the fluid and the walls of its container.
  $P = P_0 + \rho gh$

• Archimedes' Principle: The buoyant force FbF_bFb​ on an object submerged in a fluid is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object.

• Equation of Continuity: $A_1 v_1 = A_2 v_2$

• Bernoulli's Equation: $P + \dfrac{1}{2} \rho v^2 + \rho gh = \text{constant}$

Students can access extra study materials on the Mechanical Properties of Fluids, These resources are available for download, offering additional support for your studies.

Important Study Material Links for Class 11 Physics Chapter 9

Chapter 10 - Thermal Properties of Matter

In this chapter, you will learn the actual definition of heat and how it is measured. You will study the various processes by which heat flows. As you go further, you will find out the reason why blacksmiths heat the iron ring before fitting on the rim of a wooden wheel of a horse cart and why the wind at a sea beach often reverses its direction after the sun goes down. You will learn why its temperature does not change during these processes even though a great deal of heat is flowing into or out of it.

Class 11 NCERT solutions help the students to go through the formulas and concepts easily. Here find the Important formulas of  Chapter 10 - Thermal Properties of Matter to crack your exams.

• Heat (Q): $Q = mc\Delta T$

• Specific Heat Capacity (c): $c = \dfrac{Q}{m\Delta T}$

• Heat Capacity (C): $C = mc$

• Latent Heat (L):

• Heat required for a phase change: $Q = mL$

• Thermal Expansion:

• Linear Expansion: $\Delta L = L_0 \alpha \Delta T$

• Area Expansion: $\Delta A = A_0 \beta \Delta T$

• Volume Expansion: $\Delta V = V_0 \gamma \Delta T$

• Thermal Conductivity (k):

• Heat transfer through conduction: $Q = \dfrac{kA\Delta T}{d} t$

• Stefan-Boltzmann Law: $P = \sigma A T^4$

• Newton's Law of Cooling: $\dfrac{dT}{dt} = -k (T - T_{\text{env}})$

Students can access extra study materials on the Thermal Properties of Matter, These resources are available for download, offering additional support for your studies.

Important Study Material Links for Class 11 Physics Chapter 10

Chapter 11 - Thermodynamics

Thermodynamics is a branch of physics that deals with the ideas of heat and temperature and the interconversion of heat and other forms of energy. In this chapter, you will study the concepts of Thermal equilibrium, Zeroth law of Thermodynamics, First law of thermodynamics, Specific heat capacity, Thermodynamic state variables and equation of state, Thermodynamic processes, Heat engines, Second law of thermodynamics, and Carnot engine.

Class 11 NCERT solutions help the students to go through the formulas and concepts easily. Here find the Important formulas of Chapter 11 - Thermodynamics to crack your exams.

• First Law of Thermodynamics: $\Delta U = Q - W$

• Work Done in Isothermal Processes:

• For an ideal gas: $W = nRT \ln \dfrac{V_f}{V_i}$

• Work Done in Adiabatic Processes: $W = \dfrac{P_i V_i - P_f V_f}{\gamma - 1}$

• Relation Between Pressure and Volume in Adiabatic Processes: $P V^\gamma = \text{constant}$

• Enthalpy (H): $H = U + PV$

• Second Law of Thermodynamics:

• Kelvin-Planck Statement:

• It is impossible to construct a heat engine that operates on a cyclic process and converts all the heat into work.

• Clausius Statement:

• It is impossible to construct a device that operates on a cyclic process and transfers heat from a colder body to a hotter body without any external work.

• Efficiency of a Heat Engine: $\eta = \dfrac{W}{Q_1} = 1 - \dfrac{Q_2}{Q_1}$

• Carnot Cycle Efficiency: $\eta = 1 - \dfrac{T_C}{T_H}$

• Gibbs Free Energy (G):$G = H - TS$

Students can access extra study materials on Thermodynamics, These resources are available for download, offering additional support for your studies.

Important Study Material Links for Class 11 Physics Chapter 11

Chapter 12 - Kinetic Theory

You will learn the behaviour of gases based on the idea that gas consists of fast-moving atoms or molecules. This chapter also introduces kinetic theory. Concepts include the Molecular nature of matter, the Behaviour of gases, the Kinetic theory of an ideal gas, the Law of equipartition of energy , Specific heat capacity, and Mean free path.

Class 11 NCERT solutions help the students to go through the formulas and concepts easily. Here find the Important formulas of  Chapter 12 - Kinetic Theory to crack your exams.

• Ideal Gas Equation: $PV = nRT$

• Boltzmann Constant: $k_B = \dfrac{R}{N_A}$

• Root Mean Square Speed: $v_{\text{rms}} = \sqrt{\dfrac{3k_B T}{m}} = \sqrt{\dfrac{3RT}{M}}$

• Kinetic Energy of a Gas Molecule: $E_k = \dfrac{3}{2} k_B T$

• Pressure in Terms of Kinetic Theory: $P = \dfrac{1}{3} \rho v_{\text{rms}}^2$

• Law of Equipartition of Energy:

• The average energy associated with each degree of freedom: $\dfrac{1}{2} k_B T$

• Relation Between $C_p$ and $C_v$: $C_p - C_v = R$

Students can access extra study materials on the Kinetic Theory, These resources are available for download, offering additional support for your studies.

Important Study Material Links for Class 11 Physics Chapter 12

Chapter 13 - Oscillations

Chapter 13, Oscillations, is an important and very interesting one. The chapter includes Periodic and oscillatory motions, Simple harmonic motion, Simple harmonic motion and uniform circular motion, Velocity and acceleration in simple harmonic motion, Force law for simple harmonic motion, Energy in simple harmonic motion, Damped simple harmonic motion, and Forced oscillations and resonance.

Class 11 NCERT solutions help the students to go through the formulas and concepts easily. Here find the Important formulas of  Chapter 13 - Oscillations to crack your exams.

• Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM):

• Equation of Motion: $x(t) = A \cos(\omega t + \phi)$

• Angular Frequency: $\omega = 2\pi f = \sqrt{\dfrac{k}{m}}$

• Frequency: $f = \dfrac{1}{T}$

• Period of SHM:

• For a Mass-spring System: $T = 2\pi \sqrt{\dfrac{m}{k}}$

• For a Simple Pendulum: $T = 2\pi \sqrt{\dfrac{L}{g}}$

• Displacement in SHM: $x(t) = A \cos(\omega t + \phi)$

• Velocity in SHM: $v(t) = -A \omega \sin(\omega t + \phi)$

• Potential Energy in SHM: $U = \dfrac{1}{2} k x^2 = \dfrac{1}{2} m \omega^2 x^2$

• Total Energy in SHM: $E = K + U = \dfrac{1}{2} k A^2 = \dfrac{1}{2} m \omega^2 A^2$

Students can access extra study materials on the Oscillations, These resources are available for download, offering additional support for your studies.

Important Study Material Links for Class 11 Physics Chapter 13

Chapter 14 - Waves

This chapter will help you with concepts of waves and different types. This chapter will immensely help you in the conceptual study of Transverse and longitudinal waves, Displacement Relation in a Progressive Wave, Wavelength and Angular Wave Number, Amplitude and Phase, Period, Angular Frequency and Frequency, Speed of a Transverse Wave on Stretched String, The Speed of a Travelling Wave, Speed of a Longitudinal Wave (Speed of Sound), The Principle of Superposition of Waves, Reflection of Waves, and much more.

Class 11 NCERT solutions help the students to go through the formulas and concepts easily. Here find the Important formulas of  Chapter 14 - Waves to crack your exams.

• Wave Equation: $y(x,t) = A \sin(kx - \omega t + \phi)$

• Wave Number: $k = \dfrac{2\pi}{\lambda}$

• Angular Frequency: $\omega = 2\pi f$

• Speed of a Wave: $v = f \lambda = \dfrac{\omega}{k}$

• Principle of Superposition: When two or more waves overlap, the resultant displacement is the sum of the displacements of the individual waves.

• Standing Waves:

• Equation for Standing Wave: $y(x,t) = 2A \sin(kx) \cos(\omega t)$

• Wavelength and Frequency of Standing Waves on a String:

• Wavelength: $\lambda = \dfrac{2L}{n} \quad (n = 1, 2, 3, \ldots)$

• Frequency: $f = \dfrac{nv}{2L} \quad (n = 1, 2, 3, \ldots)$

• Sound Waves:

• Speed of Sound in a Medium: $v = \sqrt{\dfrac{B}{\rho}}$

Students can access extra study materials on the Waves, These resources are available for download, offering additional support for your studies.

Important Study Material Links for Class 11 Physics Chapter 14

Important Theories and Topics in Physics Class 11

1. Classical Mechanics- This focuses on the study of particles and their motion. It studies how much velocity they travel with. Their velocity is much less than the velocity with which light travels.

2. Relative Theory- Given by Albert Einstein, the theory talks about how all objects in motion are relative to each other. It talks about the motion of particles that travel with a velocity close to that of light. 

3. Thermodynamics- It is the theory that studies heat, temperature and how heat is converted into work. 

4. Kinetic Theory- This theory studies and explains the behaviour of gases. It is assumed that gas consists of atoms that are rapidly moving. The random movement of particles due to the presence of large intermolecular space is explained in the theory. 

CBSE Class 11 Physics Weightage (2024-25)

Importance of CBSE Class 11 Physics Chapters Exercise Solutions

The NCERT Class 11 Physics syllabus has 15 chapters covering vivid topics in a precise way. These chapters have been included to develop the concepts of Physics among students who want to choose an academic career in any science stream. Following are the importance of CBSE Class 11 Physics Chapters Exercise Solutions:

• All these chapters hold immense importance in studying the whole syllabus and scoring good marks in the final exam. Completing the entire syllabus on time with other subjects might be challenging for the students. This is where they need the assistance of good study material to study each chapter.

• This study material needs the exercise solutions for all the chapters included in this syllabus. With the aid of these solutions, students will be able to complete preparing the respective chapters without leaving any doubt unresolved. 

• They will find accurate answers to all the exercise questions without any hassle and can proceed with the preparation.

• The experts have compiled the answers to these exercises in separate chapter-wise PDF files. All these files can be found listed on this page. Thus, it becomes a lot easier to comprehend the entire syllabus on time and prepare it well.

• These solutions will help students realise what is Physics Class 11, what are the important chapters in the subject and how to proceed with the development of their conceptual foundation. They will learn to adopt the answering styles of the subject experts of Vedantu and will be able to score more in the exams.

How to Use the NCERT Book While Preparing for Exams?

• The NCERT textbook is the main and the most important textbook prescribed by the CBSE board. Most of the questions in the school and the board exams come from the textbook. It is important that the students are extremely thorough with the textbook if they want to score full marks in the exam. 

• Students should go through all the chapters before the exam. Reading all the chapters is extremely important. You should also refer to the important points at the end of each chapter which can be helpful. It is also recommended that you make notes from the chapter as it will help you understand and memorise the chapter in a better way. 

• Attempt all the questions from within the chapter and at the end of each chapter. You can assess your answers or refer to the solutions pdf given by Vedantu for help in answering them. 

• Make sure to thoroughly practice all the diagrams in the book. They are extremely important for the students to know. 

• Attempt the numericals from the book and examples as well. They can be asked directly in the exam.

Important Tips for the Exam:

• The students should always have a timetable. The timetable will help the students to keep a track of their syllabus and also help them analyse how much time they need for each subject or topic. Having a timetable will also help them keep a track of the chapters they cover and make sure to not skip any topic. 

• Having a schedule and timetable means being regular with your studies and giving preparation the time it needs. It is also important to understand that you cannot finish everything at once, so breaks are an important part of the schedule as well. Make sure to give yourself regular breaks and take time to refresh yourself. This will help you to also study better once you get back from your break. Always start a new topic refreshed as it will help you retain better. 

• Write and revise as much as possible. Making notes is important and an effective way of preparing for the exams. Writing and learning help you memorise and understand better. You are able to learn the topic better. Make sure to write all the formulas and derivations as they are asked in the exam. Writing and learning them will make it easier for you to answer them in the exam as well as you will know how to write them. 

• Make summaries for topics and chapters- This will help you to revise for the exam in a better way. Writing down summaries will help you highlight important bits from the chapters and present them in a concise form. This helps in keeping all the syllabus in one place and also focuses on the most important bits of the chapter. While revising you can just go through your notes and summaries instead of looking through the whole chapter and wasting time. 

• Practice enough numerical questions- There are questions in the NCERT textbook that you must practice and also in the Vedantu Solutions PDF. There are enough practise questions for the students to attempt. This will help you get a grip on the formulas and attempt numericals. Numericals can be high scoring if the students have enough practice. 

• Attempt all the questions and examples in the NCERT textbook. The NCERT textbook is the most important book for students of Class 11 and 12. In boards and school exams, most questions are asked from the NCERT textbook or are based on the same kind of pattern of questions. The students should be thorough with all the questions are given at the end of each chapter and also extra questions or examples that may be given within the chapters. If you are thorough with these questions it will be easy for you to attempt any questions of this kind and other variations of it. Practising NCERT questions can help you score good marks. 

• Attempt sample papers and papers from the previous years. This will help you understand the kind of questions that can be asked in the exam and how you should answer the exam. They are available online and in the sample pdf as well. Always track yourself while attempting the sample paper as this will help you manage your time well. Assess yourself after each attempt so that you know how you can better your performance and which topic needs more practice.

• Make sure to practice all the diagrams and graphs while preparing as well. It is also important that you do not overwork yourself while you are preparing for the exam. Before the exam you feel confident in the subject, give yourself some rest. Do something else besides studying. Refresh your mind. It is also important to get a full night’s sleep before the exam and restfully. Only revise what you feel is important before the exam. 

• The day before the exam, prepare your bag and whatever you require for the exam. Do not leave this for the morning of the exam. Make sure that you rest, take a break and sleep on time before the exam day. If you need to revise, select a time that you do not feel will interfere with your rest. Keep yourself away from distractions as any little confusion may make you doubt your preparation and lead to unwanted stress. Focus on what you know and know it well. 

• While attempting your exam make sure to attempt all the questions. Attempt the questions that you are sure of first. Do not waste time on any question that you are not sure of. Make sure that you highlight the formulas and important words and lines in your answers. Make sure to keep your answer sheet neat. Having a well-presented paper is always better and gives you an edge over other students. 

• Make sure to have enough time to revise your answers after writing the paper. Manage your time well and leave some time for revision. This is extremely important for numericals and calculations. Revising your answers can help you recognise your mistakes if there are any and give you the chance to rectify them. Revising can save you from a lot of marks being cut. 

• Attempt all the questions in the order that they are given in the question paper and according to the sections. Do not answer questions in a haphazard order. This may lead to confusion for the teacher assessing your answer sheet and can lead to marks getting deducted, managing your time well to attempt all the questions in the given precise order.

CBSE Class 11 Physics Study Materials