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ICSE Class 10 Geography Syllabus For Semester (1 & 2) 2024-25

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ICSE Syllabus for Class 10 Geography 2024-25 Examinations

This subject aims to make students aware of the basic concepts in geography, principles and terms related to it. To explain to them the reason behind the origin of a natural phenomenon. To understand the uses of various natural resources. To learn how different nations are interdependent. Understand how resources are finite and human needs are infinitely leading to multiple uses of natural resources. To understand human efforts to conserve the natural environment. To acquire practical skills related to maps.

ICSE Class 10 Geography Semester Wise Syllabus 2024-25

Semester 1 

(Marks: 40)

Semester 2 

(Marks: 40)

Unit No.

Name of the Unit

Unit No.

Name of Unit

1.

Interpretation of Topographical Maps (Complete Unit)

2.

Map of India (Complete Unit)

3.

Location, Extent and Physical Features (through map only – not to be tested)

8.

Minerals and Energy Resources (Complete Unit

4.

Climate (Complete Unit)

9.

Agriculture (Complete Unit)

5.

Soil Resources (Complete Unit)

10.

Manufacturing Industries (Complete Unit)

6.

Natural Vegetation (Complete Unit)

11.

Transport (Complete Unit)

7.

Water Resources (Complete Unit)

12.

Waste Management (Complete Unit)


Now let us look at the basic concepts dealt with in this course and exam pattern:


The exam has one paper to be written in 2 hours. The entire 100 marks are divided into the external assessment of 80 marks and the internal assessment of 20 marks. The entire external assessment paper is divided into Part - I and Part - II.


Paper - I have 2 questions, one based on the topographical map and another one related to the outline of India. Students can answer any 5 questions in Paper-II. Questions may ask students to interpret geographical features and photographs


Components of Paper - I (MAP WORK):

  • Interpretation of Topographical Maps

Various components in this segment are, locating features with the help of grid, contour and contour intervals, identification of landforms based on contours, interpretation of conventional symbols and colour tints on the contours, identification and definition of types of scales, drainage, man-made features, permanent villages etc.,


  • Map of India

On the outline of India, students are asked to locate important mountains, peaks, plateaus, plains, rivers, water bodies, passes, latitudes, longitudes, the direction of winds, distribution of minerals, soils distribution, cities, population and other concepts related to the above ones.


Components of Paper-II (GEOGRAPHY OF INDIA):

  • Location, Extent and Physical features

Various physical features like mountains, plateaus, plains, rivers etc.,


  • Climate

Distribution of temperature, rainfall, winds, cause of seasons, concepts related to the Monsoon


  • Soil Resources

Different types of soils, their characteristics and distribution in different parts. It also discusses the concept of soil erosion and the causes behind it.


  • Natural Vegetation

Importance of forests, conservation of forests, types of forests ranging from evergreen to montane varieties, their properties and distribution


  • Water Resources

need for their conservation, important irrigation methods and their importance.


  • Mineral and Energy Resources

Conventional and non-conventional sources of minerals, their properties and uses


  • Agriculture

Indian agriculture, types of farming, different crop seasons, climatic and soil conditions required to cultivate different crops


  • Manufacturing Industries

Agro-based and mineral-based industries, their distribution


  • Transport

Advantages and disadvantages of different modes of transportation


  • Waste Management

Need, methods and practices


Pattern of Internal Assessment and Evaluation:

Students are supposed to make assignments on one topic related to their syllabus. They could pick from the below-given suggestions:

  • Local Geography, Environment: Wildlife conservation efforts in India, Current Geographical Issues, Transport in India, List different types of industries in the States.

  • Industrialization in India, the latest trends, Visit a water treatment plant, sewage treatment plant or garbage dumping or vermicomposting sites in the locality and study their working.

The internal assessment has 20 marks and is done by two examiners. Each one awards 10 marks. It is done by the subject teacher and an external examiner selected by the head of the school. The head of the school has to carefully make a copy of the marks and has to send it to the council. Students are recommended to refer to the previous year questions. They can download the PDFs for free from Vedantu and study them offline. 

FAQs on ICSE Class 10 Geography Syllabus For Semester (1 & 2) 2024-25

1. Are the students required to study world geography for the exam?

No, this curriculum deals with only Indian Geography. Hence, students are not required to study world geography. This curriculum exclusively deals with soils, forests, mineral resources, transportation and their distribution all over the country. However, the concepts learnt in the mapping section can be applied to world geography as well. The syllabus contains only,  Interpretation of Topographical Maps, Map of India, Location, Extent and Physical features, climate, forest, soil, transportation, agriculture, natural resources, vegetation, water resources, waste management are subtopics. In the map section, questions are asked from  important mountains, peaks, plateaus, plains, rivers, water bodies, passes, latitudes, longitudes, the direction of winds, distribution of minerals, soils distribution, cities, population and other concepts

2. How many assignments should a student make for an internal assessment?

Students have to make one assignment on the relevant topic as a part of the internal assessment exam. This is jointly assessed by two examiners and they award marks respectively. One of the examiners is the subject teacher and the other external examiner is selected by the head of the school from the same school but a different class. Students can take the help of their faculty to finish their assignments. Sometimes, an external faculty might assess the assignments. These marks add up to the final marks. Students should make them as interactive as possible. They can use figures, diagrams, pictures, maps and drawings based on their topic. They can refer to their senior’s assignments in school for an idea.

3. Are the students required to learn the map of India?

Yes, students have to learn the map of India for the exam. Outline of the map and internal distribution of various features are dealt with separately in the curriculum. Under  Map of India,  students are asked to locate important mountains, peaks, plateaus, plains, rivers, water bodies, passes, latitudes, longitudes, the direction of winds, distribution of minerals, soils distribution, cities, population and other concepts related to the above ones are dealt . On the other hand, learning maps also helps in improving your answer writing and helps in gaining more marks. For example, when you write about mountains, mention a few mountains in India. Draw a map in the corner of your answer sheet and mark them on the map. This will make  your answer stand out from others.

4. What are the components of different papers in Geography?

Two different components of the curriculum are Map work which is further divided into  Interpretation of Topographical Maps and  Map of India and geography of India. Under  Interpretation of Topographical Maps,  locating features with the help of grid, contour and contour intervals, identification of landforms based on contours, interpretation of conventional symbols and colour tints on the contours, identification and definition of types of scales, drainage, man-made features, permanent villages are discussed. Under  Map of India,  students are asked to locate important mountains, peaks, plateaus, plains, rivers, water bodies, passes, latitudes, longitudes, the direction of winds, distribution of minerals, soils distribution, cities, population and other concepts related to the above ones are dealt . Under the geography of India, climate, forest, soil, transportation, agriculture, natural resources, vegetation, water resources, waste management are subtopics.

5. How to improve scores in geography boards exams?

Students can use diagrams, flow charts and maps wherever necessary to explain the concepts clearly. Geography is  a  subject which can be better explained with visual representation. Students are advised to practice related figures before the exam as many times as possible to avoid mistakes in the exam and save time.  This has a chance of improving the scores on boards. Try to draw maps wherever you answer questions related to the distribution of natural resources. Give current examples in your answers. For example, when you write about mountains, mention a few mountains in India. Draw a map in the corner of your answer sheet and mark them on the map. This will make  your answer stand out from others.