Working with HTML

The Internet or the World Wide Web has become an integral part of every person's life. It is a network of interconnected computers. The World Wide Web (WWW) contains information stored on the Internet in the form of web pages that combine to form a website. But for creating and maintaining those websites, a powerful yet simple language is needed. HTML, abbreviated as HyperText Mark-up Language, fulfills this role. 

History of  HTML 

HTML was founded by Tim Berners-Lee. When the Internet boomed in the 1990s, so did the usage of HTML. HTML was originally known as General Mark-up Language. This concept was standardized and named SGML(Standardized General Mark-up Language) in 1986. SGML is favored by large organizations that need to handle large amounts of data. New versions of HTML were introduced, with the latest being HTML 5.

HTML Basic Tags and their Attributes

An HTML document is made up of two parts: content and tags. The content is the text which is actually going to be displayed in the browser. While the tags are special text which is meant to define how the text should appear. At the start and end of the document also tags are put. 

HTML Document Structure

The structure of HTML documents is like the following. 

HTML Document Structure

Types of Elements 

Container Elements

Heading Tags

To define heading levels in an HTML document, the Heading tag is used. It is mostly used to place emphasis on the text. H1 to H6 are the six heading levels in HTML. The Heading style displays the text in the largest possible size of HTML. It is mainly used for the main headings of the document. The lower levels like 1,2 and 3 are used for the main headings.

Heading Tags

Paragraph Tag

The paragraph element is used to display a large piece of text on a web browser. It is used to mark a  paragraph as a block of text. To mark the end of a paragraph, this element is used. The attributes named "Align" can be used to align a paragraph. Various attributes of the paragraph element have been demonstrated below:

Paragraph Tag

Line Break Tag

HTML's line break tag <br> element is used to produce a line break in the text. It is of significant importance when writing a poem or an address as the division of lines is really important. It does not possess any end tags. Line break tags can be placed anywhere within the body tags of the text. Line break tag <br> can be used inside even table cells and in other areas also. 

Line Break Tag 

Horizontal Tag 

For creating a horizontal line, the HTML <hr> tag is used. It is called the Horizontal Rule in HTML. It is used to separate two blocks of text. You can simply type <HR> wherever you want to insert a horizontal line in between the document. In the <HR> tag, type size = " whatever thickness you want to apply." The size attributes of <HR> are values that are measured in terms of pixels. Pixel is equal to the part obtained by division of an inch into 72 points. 

Horizontal Tag

Practice Questions 

1. Choose the correct html tag for a large title from the following. 

1. <H1>

2. <H3>

3. <H6>

4. None of the above

2. What is the latest version of HTML? 

1. HTML 1

2. HTML 3

3. HTML 5

4. None of the above

3. A pixel is _th part of an inch. 

1. 36

2. 50

3. 72

4. None of the above

Sample Questions and Answers

1. HTML elements are represented and enclosed by? 

Ans: HTML elements are represented and enclosed by angle brackets, i.e. < and >. 

2. Which element is used to produce a line break in the text? 

Ans: The <br> tag element is used to produce a line break in the text.

Summary 

For creating and maintaining those websites, a powerful yet simple language is needed. HTML, abbreviated as HyperText Mark-up Language, fulfills this role. In this article, you were introduced to HTML and its history. You also learned HTML basic tags, their attributes, HTML document structure, and types of elements.